旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞(精選16篇)

第1篇 旅游景點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

旅游景點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞，不會(huì)寫的，不妨看看小編為大家分享的英文導(dǎo)游詞，希望你們喜歡呀。歡迎閱讀借鑒。

石林旅游景點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

the stone forest lies about 80 miles to the southeast of kunming. a geological phenomenon, the stone forest was a vast expanse of sea during the paleozoic era——some 270 million years ago. later, the movement of tectonic plates altered the earth’s crust, causing the sea to recede and its limestone bottom to appear, thereby forming land.due to the constant seeping ofrain through the cracks in the limestone, some of the stone formation dissolved and the fissures broadened, producing a group of great sculptures of different shapes, all molded by nature.

in the midst of the forest, there is a huge rock screen on which two words——stone forest——are engraved in official script (in a calligraphic style typical of the han dynasty, 206 b.c.-220 a.d.). among the scenic sights is the 'sword peak pond' with jadeite-colored water so clear that one can see the bottom of the pond. other astonishing sights include 'figure of ashima,' 'shi ba xiang song' (its name originating in the chinese love story, 'liang shanbo and zhu yingtai'), and 'lotus peak.'

the splendor of the stone forest is enhanced by the local customs of the native sani people (who are part of the yi minority). sani people are industrious and hospitable——and unconstrained. sani women are expert at spinning, weaving, and embroidering. they like to wear rainbow-colored headgear and bright-colored dresses. the young people especially are very good singers and dancers. every day at sunset, under the moonlight, boys and girls gather at the village platform. while the boys play the three-stringed plucked instruments, the girls clap their hands and dance the strong-rhythmed traditional 'a’xi (ah-shi) dance in the moon' with great enthusiasm. if you happen to witness the event, you will be invited to join in the festivity.

note that every lunar year, on june 24th, the sani people celebrate their national festival——the torch festival. on that day, the entire stone forest is permeated with a celebratory atmosphere. there are traditional performances of wrestling and bull-fighting. finally, when the land is enveloped in the curtain of night, the young men (holding torches in their hands) run after the young women to propose marriage in the light of colored lanterns.

吉林霧凇英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

ladies and gentlemen;

welcome to my hometown jilin city. and i am the tour guide of china national tourism administration you can call me vera. or miss zhang , and on my left hand is our driver mrs. li he have more than 20 year driving experiences, he will keep our safe.

ok everyone there are few minutes before we reach the ten miles dike, now i will give you a brief introduction about jilin rime, the rime of jilin city is said to be a symbol of the spring in winter ,being together with the guilin landscape ,yunnan stone forest and three gorges of the yangtze river, it is called the four meteorological wonders in china ,and actually ,china has the earliest record of rime in the world which is also commonly known as” the mist attached to trees” by local people .

now i will introduce how jilin rime comes into being ,up going 15 kilometers upstream from the jilin city along the songhua river is the famous fengman power station, in winter when the water passes through the hydraulic group ,it gets warmer and the temperature keeps at around 4 centigrade in spite of the coldness and the steel –like ice on the lake ,since the river water holds great heat energy it doesn't freeze for as long as ten miles ,water vapor rises constantly from the water surface and the whole river appears to be misty ,given that there are pines, poplars and weeping willows along the dykes the water vapor freezes around the trees when encumbers coldness, of course under the effect of atmospheric pressure. wind direction and temperature .because of this special formation, jilin rime can last a rather long time and it happens frequentlyin winter season . what's more ,the best time for sightseeing is from the late december to the next february.somtime there could be more than 60 times of rime –formation in a single winter.

people usually divide the process of appreciation into three stages; watching the mist at night, enjoying the rime in the morning and appreciation, a silver and magic world appears just in front of us .all of the tress along the river are covered by rime and the branches of weeping willows like silver necklaces. as for the last stage, we are talking about the time when the rime begins to fall. usually, after nine o'clock in the morning, the rime will fell down from the trees. this begins by little amount and then more and more is falling down. when the flying rime falls on our heard and shoulders, we feel especially fresh and cool.

ok everyone now we have reached the songjang road please put you hats and gloves together go fellow me to enjoy the wonders of the rime

大理蒼山洱海英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

fellow friends:

hello! toured the

dali old city, initially has feltthis humanities landscape profoundness; now we watch the cangshanerhai, understands the dali's america of scenery.

first, we ride the yacht to go to the erhai park. the erhai park othername group mountain park, is l ocated the hsiakuan city northeast 2kilometers place groups mountains. north it near ocean waves wan qingerhai, west and cangshan southend setting sun peak relative. whennanzhao country, here is king's deer park. in 1976 here newly wardedoff for the park, occupiesdi 1,600 chinese acres. on the mountain has thezoo and the plant nursery flower-bed, broadly plants the dali areaeach kind of precious flower different plant, is very good rests placeof the tour.

now the pleasure boat to the erhai park near the sea causeway, we cameashore to the ship, this is under the group foot of a hill binhai tourarea along 270 multistage stone steps ascendslevel on, we arrive the summit.everybody looked that, this curls upwardsangle upturned eave pavilion is looks thesea building, the eave hangs from above the plaque, submits a writtenstatement: jade er silver dark green ', the black bottom goldcharacter, vigorous is classically elegant, it is the chinese inadmiration of somebody's fame painter wu zuoren's writing skill. looksthe sea building is understands 'the jade er silver dark green'happiest extent, leans against a railing looks out into the distance:east side erhai vast, boundless, west cangshan is continuous,luxuriant is gray.

fellow friends, let us go on board once more, roams through to erhaiin. but i first must to everybody introduction be actually amcangshan. formerly, we in the dali city, under on the dark green footof a hill road, have not been able to look at carefully the cangshangrand appearance well. just like the ancient said 'does not know thetruth about the matter, only reason body in this mountain'; looks thesea building in the erhai park, the angle of view inclines, also onlycan see the cangshan terminal. now, unceasingly leads the way alongwith the pleasure boat, in our eye cangshan is not clearer? somepeople said that, a hengduan pulse condition great arm, the tibetplateau extended west yunnan from 'the roof of the world' to thesouth, cangshan was in this world famous sierra a cloud range branch.

cangshan, also names the diancang, is green because of its mountaincolor, the mountain apex acquires fame in vain. cangshan altogetherhas 19 peaks. this 19 peaks from the north to the south order are: thecloud makes, green, five, the lotus flower, the white clouds, thecrane cloud, three positive, the blue peak, the snowman, should behappy, the goddess of mercy, center and, longquan, the jade bureau,malone, the saint should, buddha go against, ma er, the setting sun.in 19 peaks, the malone peak is highest, elevation 4,122 meters. thecangshan 19 peaks, two peaks clamp a brook, altogether 18 brooks; eastthe mountain stream flows, pours into erhai, 18 brooks from north tosouth, the base arrangement is: south the rosy cloud moves, wan hua,the positive brook, the awn wells up, the brocade brook, the spiritspring, the white stone, the double mandarin duck, hides the immortal,mei xi, the peach brook, center the brook, the emerald, longxi, clearblue, remnant, pavilion mouth, is not positive.

the cangshan scenery by the snow, the cloud, springstone is famous. i firstintroduce cangshan to everybody the snow. after the summer needlesscangshan snow, is dali 'the love affair' four given names scenery. thesnow white cangshan snow, all previous dynasties article literatiapproves the refined language quite a lot, the folklore also many. thethe ming dynasty writer li yuanyang once praised: 'date li cangshansnow, precioustai 19 peaks'.

cangshan's cloud is the famous biography is far and wide. the cloudgathers the cloud to disperse, sometimes the pale like light smoke,sometimes is thick like splashes ink. in fluctuates varied center, what is most mysterious is 'looks the husband cloud' and 'thejade belt cloud'. so-called 'looks the husband cloud' is referswhenever the winter spring the season, the cangshan jade bureau peakregular meeting appears a lonely cloud, suddenly remembers suddenlyfalls, about flutters, if hoped if attends to. unusual occupying to anits appearance, the diancang then suddenly gets up the storm, blows toerhai. so-called 'jade belt cloud', is refers whenever at the end ofthe summer fallinitially, after rainfirst clear, between the cangshan 19 peakshalfways up the mountainside often can appear white clouds, the cloudsgatherscollects, slowly pulls open, if the pure white jade belt horizontallyties the green mountainside. is continuous dozens of miles,unexpectedly the date does not dissipate. marvelous is, 'the jade beltcloud' meets the omen agriculture abundant harvest: it appears thenumber of times to be many, same year on good crop weather. local painationality has the farmer's proverb: 'cangshan is the jade belt, thehungry dog eats the rice'.

導(dǎo)游詞

第2篇 山東省有名的旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞開頭范文

蓬萊閣導(dǎo)游詞

各位旅客朋友們：

大家好!

蓬萊閣是中國(guó)古代四大名樓之一，素以“人間仙境”著稱于世，其“八仙過海”傳說和“海市蜃樓”奇觀享譽(yù)海內(nèi)外。歷經(jīng)風(fēng)雨滄桑，如今已發(fā)展成為以蓬萊閣古建筑群為中軸，蓬萊水城和田橫山為兩翼，四種文化(神仙文化、精武文化、港口文化、海洋文化)為底蘊(yùn)，山(丹崖山) 、海(黃渤二海)、城(蓬萊水城)、閣(蓬萊閣)為格局，登州博物館、古船博物館、田橫山、合海亭及黃渤海分界坐標(biāo)等20余處景點(diǎn)為點(diǎn)綴，融自然風(fēng)光、歷史名勝、人文景觀、休閑娛樂于一體的風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)和休閑度假勝地。景區(qū)先后榮膺“全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位”、“國(guó)家重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)”、“全國(guó)創(chuàng)建文明行業(yè)先進(jìn)單位”、“全國(guó)五一勞動(dòng)獎(jiǎng)狀”、“全國(guó)旅游行業(yè)最佳誠(chéng)信單位”、“全國(guó)首批5a級(jí)旅游景區(qū)”、“全國(guó)文明單位”、“中國(guó)馳名商標(biāo)”、“山東省質(zhì)量管理工作先進(jìn)單位”、“山東省服務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化示范單位”等稱號(hào)，導(dǎo)游科獲得“全國(guó)青年文明號(hào)”和“全國(guó)巾幗文明示范崗”等殊榮。

泰山導(dǎo)游詞

各位旅客朋友們：

大家好!

泰山，被稱為“東岳”，是世界文化遺產(chǎn)和世界自然遺產(chǎn)之一，是世界著名的地質(zhì)公園，也是我國(guó)5a級(jí)旅游景區(qū)，是第一批全國(guó)文明風(fēng)景旅游區(qū)示范點(diǎn)，位于山東省泰安市中部。主峰玉皇頂海拔1545米，氣勢(shì)雄偉磅礴，有“五岳之首”、“天下第一山”的之稱。

泰山風(fēng)景以壯麗著稱。重疊的山勢(shì)，厚重的形體，蒼松巨石的烘托，云煙的變化，使它在雄渾中兼有明麗，靜穆中透著神奇。最為有名的是“泰山四大奇觀”。古人以“泰山北斗”來喻指人道德高、名望重或有卓越成就為眾人所敬仰的人。

曲阜孔廟導(dǎo)游詞

各位旅客朋友們：

大家好!

曲阜孔廟，是祭祀我國(guó)著名思想家和教育家孔子的本廟，坐落于孔子的故里——山東曲阜城內(nèi)，又稱“闕里至圣廟”，始建于魯哀公十七年(西元前478年)，歷代增修擴(kuò)建，經(jīng)兩千四百余年而祭祀不絕，是中國(guó)淵源最古、歷史最長(zhǎng)的一組建筑物，也是海內(nèi)外數(shù)千座孔廟的先河與范本，和相鄰的孔府、城北的孔林合稱“三孔”。

曲阜孔廟以其規(guī)模之宏大、氣魄之雄偉、年代之久遠(yuǎn)、保存之完整，被建筑學(xué)家梁思成稱為世界建筑史上的“孤例”，現(xiàn)為世界文化遺產(chǎn)、中華人民共和國(guó)全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位，與北京故宮、承德避暑山莊并列為中國(guó)三大古建筑群。

大明湖導(dǎo)游詞：

“你還記得當(dāng)年大明湖畔的夏雨荷嗎?”大明湖也因還珠格格的熱播而被國(guó)人熟知。大明湖是濟(jì)南三大名勝之一，是繁華都市中一處難得的天然湖泊，也是泉城重要風(fēng)景名勝和開放窗口，聞名中外的旅游勝地，素有“泉城明珠”的美譽(yù)。它位于濟(jì)南市中心偏東北處、舊城區(qū)北部。大明湖是一個(gè)由城內(nèi)眾泉匯流而成的天然湖泊，面積甚大，幾乎占了舊城的四分之一。市區(qū)諸泉在此匯聚后，經(jīng)北水門流入小清河?，F(xiàn)今湖面58公頃，公園面積103.4公頃，湖面約占百分之五十三，平均水深2米左右，最深處4.5米。大明湖是5a級(jí)天下第一泉風(fēng)景區(qū)的核心組成部分之一。

趵突泉導(dǎo)游詞：

各位旅客朋友們：

大家好!

趵突泉被稱為“天下第一泉”，位于濟(jì)南市中心區(qū)，趵突泉南路和濼源大街中段，南靠千佛山，東臨泉城廣場(chǎng)，北望大明湖，五龍?zhí)?。面積158畝，是以泉為主的5a級(jí)特色園林，國(guó)家首批重點(diǎn)公園。該泉位居濟(jì)南七十二名泉之首，也是最早見于古代文獻(xiàn)的濟(jì)南名泉。趵突泉是泉城濟(jì)南的象征與標(biāo)志，與濟(jì)南千佛山、大明湖并稱為濟(jì)南三大名勝。

第3篇 北戴河旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

各位游客：

歡迎諸位來北戴河旅游，祝各位在北戴河度過一段輕松愜意的時(shí)光。北戴河的藍(lán)天白云、碧海金沙、青松翠柏、綠樹紅墻，會(huì)讓您流連忘返，終生難忘;北戴河深厚文化積淀，會(huì)讓您在歷史的長(zhǎng)河之中，傾聽那流傳千古的故事，回味那余韻無窮的篇章。北戴河一本厚厚的書，氣勢(shì)恢弘，博大精深;是首長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的歌，流光溢彩，韻味綿長(zhǎng)。請(qǐng)您靜靜地聽，我給諸位細(xì)細(xì)地講。

北戴河是秦皇島市的一個(gè)區(qū)，面積不大，70.3平方公里;人口不多，只有6萬(wàn)居民。但北戴河的美麗和神秘，卻撥動(dòng)了古今中外多少志士仁人的心弦。千古一帝秦始皇，雄才大略漢武帝，志在千里曹孟德，一代明主唐太宗，在這里留下了他們的足跡;康有為、徐世昌、朱啟鈐、張學(xué)良等風(fēng)云人物，在這里上演了一出出歷史活劇;新中國(guó)三代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人毛澤東、鄧小平、xx和他們的戰(zhàn)友們，在這里做出了許多關(guān)乎國(guó)家命運(yùn)的重大決策。從19世紀(jì)末到1948年北戴河海濱解放，全世界幾十個(gè)國(guó)家的傳教士、外交官員、富商大賈、學(xué)者名流，在北戴河修建了719棟別墅，為后人留下了一個(gè)蔚然壯觀、風(fēng)格各異的世界建筑群。新中國(guó)成立以后，中央和各部委省市在北戴河興建了200多家休療養(yǎng)院。改革開放以來，每年都有數(shù)百萬(wàn)游客，來北戴河休閑度假、旅游觀光。人們禁要問：為什么北戴河就有這么大的吸引力，xx多年來，讓一代又代的帝王相、風(fēng)云人物，夢(mèng)牽魂縈，頂禮膜拜?讓一批又一批的旅游者，蜂擁而至，只求一睹風(fēng)采呢?這都因?yàn)楸贝骱拥拿利?。美麗的風(fēng)光，吸引了無數(shù)風(fēng)云人物;風(fēng)云人物的到來，又為它平添了一份神秘的色彩。神秘的美麗，使美麗更富有吸引力。

北戴河的美，首先美在它的海。在18.8公里的海岸線上，沙灘和礁石，相互交錯(cuò);海灣和岬角，依次排開。沙灘松軟潔凈，堪稱北方第一。礁石造型奇特，引人無限遐思。海灣淺淺碧水，浴場(chǎng)沙軟潮平。岬角拔地則起，觀鳥觀日出，此處最富吸引力。大海的開闊，教給我們學(xué)會(huì)寬容;大海的博大，激勵(lì)我們不斷追求。大海是我們的朋友，大海是我們的老師。人類來自大海，大海是人類永遠(yuǎn)的故鄉(xiāng)。

北戴河的美，還美在它的山。天下的山，有的以高大雄偉而聞名，有的以挺拔險(xiǎn)峻而著稱，要想攀登它們，不是對(duì)生命極限的挑戰(zhàn)，也是對(duì)意志體力的考驗(yàn)。北戴河的蓮蓬山卻不同，它的海拔高度只有152.1米，它把高大雄偉、挺拔險(xiǎn)峻作為能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，卻把溫柔舒緩、平步青云，作為不知不覺的過程。無論男女老少，不必氣喘吁吁，慢慢走來，都能登上海濱最高峰，眺望方圓百里山川大海的旖旎風(fēng)光。蓮蓬山公園是一個(gè)有著80多年歷史的森林公園，奇石異洞、青松翠柏、亭臺(tái)閣榭、鳥語(yǔ)花香、把蓮蓬山裝點(diǎn)成一個(gè)有著鮮明個(gè)性的綠色，一幅氣象萬(wàn)千的絢麗畫圖。

北戴河的美，更美在它的環(huán)境。北戴河常年保持一級(jí)大氣質(zhì)量，城市森林覆蓋和人均占有的綠地面積，都居全國(guó)前列。北戴河是世界著名的觀鳥地，是我們第一個(gè)候鳥保護(hù)區(qū)。“北戴河濕地”被納入“國(guó)際濕地保護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”。這里能見到409種鳥類，占我國(guó)現(xiàn)存鳥類的40%。鳥類是最有權(quán)威的自然環(huán)境鑒定師。鳥類選擇的棲息地，必定環(huán)境質(zhì)量最好。北戴河優(yōu)美的自然環(huán)境，是大自然的造化，也是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用袷朗来M力保護(hù)的結(jié)果。

北戴河的美，是四了的美。它受海洋氣候的調(diào)節(jié)，春光明媚，鳥語(yǔ)花香;夏無酷暑，水碧沙明;秋高氣爽，蟹滿魚肥;冬無嚴(yán)寒，靜謐安祥。良好的氣候條件，使北戴河成為四季皆宜的旅游勝地。北戴河是我國(guó)旅游業(yè)的發(fā)祥地，它最早開發(fā)于光緒十九年(1893年)。被稱為東亞避暑勝地。

北戴河屬于全國(guó)人民，屬于全世界，是地球母親賜予的豐厚的禮物，是東西文化交流的智慧結(jié)晶。

第4篇 瀾滄江旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

瀾滄江是湄公河上游在中國(guó)境內(nèi)河段的名稱，其實(shí)它叫湄公河。以下是關(guān)于瀾滄江旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞，僅供大家參考。

瀾滄江旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

瀾滄江系國(guó)際河流，在東南亞為湄公河，是亞洲流經(jīng)國(guó)家最多的河，流經(jīng)中國(guó)、緬甸、老撾、泰國(guó)、柬埔寨和越南，在越南胡志明市附近注入南海，是世界第六大河，全長(zhǎng)4900公里。國(guó)境處多年平均年水量約640億立方米，為黃河的1.1倍。瀾滄江在我國(guó)境內(nèi)水能資源可開發(fā)量約為3000萬(wàn)kw。這條河在中國(guó)境內(nèi)的流程為2198公里，境外長(zhǎng)度2711公里。

到目前為止，各種資料上記載的關(guān)于瀾滄江的源頭有十幾種說法，而以不同源頭為起點(diǎn)的河流長(zhǎng)度也有多種，估測(cè)的長(zhǎng)度從4200公里到最長(zhǎng)4880公里不等。發(fā)源于唐古拉山北側(cè)的扎納日根山脈，查加日瑪峰(藏語(yǔ)，意為多彩的山)南坡，莫云灘深處的扎阿曲，位于東經(jīng)944144、北緯334231、海拔5224米的拉賽貢瑪?shù)墓Φ履驹缴?，位于玉樹州雜多縣境內(nèi)。遙感專家劉少創(chuàng)探測(cè)的結(jié)果是，瀾滄江源頭在青海省玉樹藏族自治州雜多縣吉富山，海拔5200米，地理坐標(biāo)是東經(jīng)94度40分52秒，北緯33度45分48秒。從這里算起，瀾滄江(湄公河)的長(zhǎng)度是4909公里。

省內(nèi)干流長(zhǎng)444.1公里，省內(nèi)流域河流總長(zhǎng)2055.2公里，流域面積37482平方公里，年徑流量107億立方米，集水面積在500平方公里以上的河流有20條。主要支流有子曲和解曲等。雜曲(藏語(yǔ)，意為水流眾多)南流入西藏自治區(qū)，出省境處年均流量148立方米/秒，省內(nèi)天然落差1544米。

瀾滄江源區(qū)，河網(wǎng)縱橫，水流雜亂，湖沼密布。雜曲河流經(jīng)的地區(qū)有險(xiǎn)灘、深谷、原始林區(qū)、平川，這里地形復(fù)雜，冰峰高聳，沼澤遍布，景致萬(wàn)千。

瀾滄江源區(qū)氣候，具有寒冷、干燥、風(fēng)大、輻射強(qiáng)、冷季漫長(zhǎng)、無絕對(duì)無霜期等特點(diǎn)。年平均氣溫一般在6.0℃～-4.0℃.之間，但大部分地區(qū)在0℃以下，降水空間分自有東南向西北遞減，流域東部年平均降水量500毫米以上，西部年降水量在250毫米左右。年內(nèi)降水分布具有冷季少，暖季多的特點(diǎn)。

瀾滄江-湄公河流域總面積81萬(wàn)平方公里，地處東南亞、南亞和中國(guó)西南的結(jié)合部，是連接?xùn)|盟和中國(guó)的陸路橋梁。這一地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展相對(duì)落后，但與中國(guó)進(jìn)行經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的潛力巨大。1994年，中國(guó)政府成立了國(guó)家瀾滄江-湄公河流域開發(fā)前期研究協(xié)調(diào)組。2000年4月，中國(guó)、老撾、緬甸、泰國(guó)四國(guó)正式簽署了《瀾滄江-湄公河商船通航協(xié)議》，2001年4國(guó)正式通航。在整個(gè)瀾滄江湄公河流域，生活著約6500萬(wàn)各族人民，這個(gè)數(shù)字預(yù)計(jì)在今后15年內(nèi)將達(dá)到1億。由于流經(jīng)區(qū)域具有獨(dú)特的氣候特點(diǎn)和地理?xiàng)l件，瀾滄江湄公河水系孕育了世界上最豐富的淡水魚類生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。整個(gè)流域已知魚類多達(dá)1700多種，魚類多樣性在世界大江大河排名中名列第二，僅次于亞瑪遜河流域。2000年，世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)把瀾滄江湄公河流域確定為世界上最重要的淡水魚類生態(tài)區(qū)域之一。瀾滄江湄公河的魚類資源對(duì)整個(gè)流域內(nèi)生活的六千五百萬(wàn)人的生計(jì)至關(guān)重要，是他們獲取蛋白質(zhì)和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的主要來源。瀾滄江湄公河流域淡水魚類年捕獲量高達(dá)180萬(wàn)噸，價(jià)值14億美元，為世界上最大的內(nèi)河淡水漁業(yè)。

瀾滄江湄公河豐富的魚類資源中包括目前已經(jīng)高度瀕危的鯰魚，伊洛瓦底江豚，以及其他極具商業(yè)價(jià)值的常見魚類：倒刺魚、淡水鯊、黃貂魚、、面瓜魚、紅尾巴魚等。除此之外，該流域還有其它豐富的水生物種(例如暹邏鱷、淡水龜、蚌類等)以及大量以魚類為生的水鳥。區(qū)域內(nèi)大部分人直接或間接地以魚類資源賴以為生，同時(shí)魚類資源也是增加家庭收入的主要來源。2000年，世界野生動(dòng)物基金會(huì)把瀾滄江湄公河流域確定為世界上最重要的淡水魚類生態(tài)區(qū)域之一。瀾滄江湄公河的魚類資源對(duì)整個(gè)流域內(nèi)生活的六千五百萬(wàn)人的生計(jì)至關(guān)重要，是他們獲取蛋白質(zhì)和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的主要來源。瀾滄江湄公河流域淡水魚類年捕獲量高達(dá)180萬(wàn)噸，價(jià)值14億美元，為世界上最大的內(nèi)河淡水漁業(yè)。

瀾滄江旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞，盡在酷貓寫作范文網(wǎng)。

第5篇 貴州旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文

貴州地貌屬于中國(guó)西南部高原山地，境內(nèi)地勢(shì)西高東低，自中部向北、東、南三面傾斜，平均海拔在1100米左右。今天小編為大家?guī)碣F州旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文，希望對(duì)你有所幫助。

貴州旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文

各位旅客朋友：

大家好，我是你們的**導(dǎo)游。六枝特區(qū)是全國(guó)重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)煤地區(qū)，是“中國(guó)涼都”和“江南煤都”六盤水市的東大門，素有江南煤海之美稱。交通十分發(fā)達(dá)，礦產(chǎn)資源富集，生物資源極為豐富。

六枝特區(qū)的旅游資源獨(dú)具特色。有蘊(yùn)藏著古夜郎文化牂牁江省級(jí)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)及倍受海內(nèi)外關(guān)注的梭戛生態(tài)博物館，是融民族文化風(fēng)情、自然風(fēng)光、名勝古跡為一體的獨(dú)特旅游區(qū)。其中，中部有桃花公園、九頭山公園、南極山公園、天然洞穴月宮洞(觀音洞);南部有郎岱古城、郎岱木城碑記、郎岱暴動(dòng)烈士墓及神秘的老王山(古郎山);東南部有底溪森林公園，有白水河上的瀑布群和以落別為中心的溶洞景觀;北部有巖腳古鎮(zhèn)風(fēng)光、老高橋景點(diǎn)、懶龍橋景點(diǎn)(窗子洞)、老卜底景點(diǎn)及梭戛生態(tài)博物館景點(diǎn)。

加上濃郁神秘的民族風(fēng)情，如：布依族的趕表、苗族的曬月亮、彝族的趕山節(jié)、仡佬族的吃新年等，構(gòu)成了六枝獨(dú)特的旅游景觀，吸引著國(guó)內(nèi)外大量游客及民族文化專家、學(xué)者。目前，六枝特區(qū)正在積極開展底溪生態(tài)園、月亮河夜郎布依文化生態(tài)園、月亮河省級(jí)森林公園等的建設(shè)工作，阿珠水電站壩后水域面積為平方公里，光照電站壩后水域面積為51.54平方公里，牂牁江沿線將成為一道亮麗的風(fēng)景線。

六枝特區(qū)四季皆宜旅游。六枝特區(qū)氣候宜人。年平均氣溫13.5--15.2℃，夏無酷暑，冬無嚴(yán)寒。

六枝特區(qū)距省會(huì)貴陽(yáng)172公里，距六盤水市中心城區(qū)98公里。東連鎮(zhèn)寧、普定兩縣，南接關(guān)嶺，西靠水城，北抵織金、納雍，西南與晴隆、普安兩縣接壤。六枝處于長(zhǎng)江流域和珠江流域的分水嶺，南有北盤江的上游牂牁江，北有烏江上游三岔河，東有黃果樹瀑布的源頭白水河。水流落差大，水能資源極為豐富。

六枝特區(qū)是三線建設(shè)”時(shí)期由原“六枝特區(qū)”與“郎岱縣”合并而成。境內(nèi)居住有漢、彝、苗、布依、仡佬等32個(gè)民族，少數(shù)民族人口占全區(qū)總?cè)丝诘?0.52%。少數(shù)名族文化十分悠久。

貴州旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞怎么寫

各位旅客朋友：

大家好，我是你們的**導(dǎo)游。

水城位于貴州省西部邊緣，與云南省接壤，屬六盤水市管轄。全縣總面積3642平方公里， 轄1個(gè)工業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)、1個(gè)鎮(zhèn)、32個(gè)鄉(xiāng)，總?cè)丝?7萬(wàn)人。 有漢、彝、苗、布依、回、仡佬等26個(gè)民族，少數(shù)民族人口占37.36%。 水城地處中亞熱帶季風(fēng)氣候區(qū)，為高原季風(fēng)氣候。境內(nèi)氣候溫和，雨水充沛，干濕季節(jié)分明，雨熱同季,暖濕共節(jié)。

年均氣溫11─17℃，無霜期250天左右，年均降水量1100─1300毫米。 水城地處“江南煤都”六盤水腹地，自然資源十分豐富。已探明的礦產(chǎn)有26種，其中以煤炭資源最為豐富。境內(nèi)河流縱橫，有珠江干流的北盤江和烏江干流的三岔河貫穿其間。境內(nèi)盛產(chǎn)烤煙、生姜、云豆、大蒜、茶葉等經(jīng)濟(jì)作物;盛產(chǎn)杜仲、天麻、三七、雞爪、菌靈芝等名貴中藥材。發(fā)耳地區(qū)的干姜塊屬出口免檢商品。全縣可供開發(fā)的非耕地資源有100余萬(wàn)畝。 動(dòng)物資源有被列為國(guó)家一級(jí)保護(hù)動(dòng)物的黑葉猴，還有獼猴、獐、麝、鹿、狐貍等。 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)步伐加快。

鐵路現(xiàn)有貴(陽(yáng)) 昆(明)電氣化鐵路橫貫全境，跨越水城境內(nèi)兩大煤田(格目底煤田和楊梅樹煤田)的水(城)柏(果)電氣化鐵路正在緊張建設(shè)當(dāng)中，界時(shí)將與南(寧)昆(明)鐵路、內(nèi)(江)昆(明)鐵路及株(州)六(盤水)復(fù)線共同構(gòu)成路網(wǎng)干線。公路現(xiàn)有跨省、跨地區(qū)較多干線公路交匯于水城，水(城)黃(果樹)高等級(jí)公路也將開工建設(shè)，將形成四通八達(dá)的鐵路、公路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)。通訊便捷，目前開通了9個(gè)鄉(xiāng)程控電話， 可直撥各地，年內(nèi)電訊光纜鋪設(shè)完畢， 即將有8個(gè)鄉(xiāng)開通程控電話，境內(nèi)無線尋呼、移動(dòng)電話均可使用。

貴州旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞模板

各位旅客朋友：

大家好，我是你們的**導(dǎo)游。

紅花崗區(qū)原為縣級(jí)遵義市，位于貴州省北部，春華秋實(shí)、夏蔭冬青，景色迷人，被譽(yù)為黔北高原上的一顆明珠。

紅花崗旅游主要以遵義會(huì)議會(huì)址為主的長(zhǎng)征文化紀(jì)念體系，有中世紀(jì)軍事城堡海龍囤，“西南地下藝術(shù)宮殿”楊粲墓，佛教名勝金鼎山、湘山寺、桃溪寺以及大板水原始森林等歷史古跡和自然景觀，人文內(nèi)涵豐富厚重，旅游資源得天獨(dú)厚。城區(qū)青山環(huán)繞，樹木蒼翠。湘江、洛江橫貫全城，遵義公園、河賓公園、鳳凰山公園和碧綠江水自然交融。

紅花崗屬亞熱帶季風(fēng)性濕潤(rùn)氣候，氣候溫和，四季皆宜旅游。

紅花崗區(qū)位于貴州省北部，北倚婁山，南臨烏江，位居直轄市重慶和省會(huì)貴陽(yáng)之間，紅花崗區(qū)轄8個(gè)街道、8個(gè)鎮(zhèn)：老城街道、萬(wàn)里路街道、中華路街道、南門關(guān)街道、延安路街道、舟水橋街道、中山路街道、北京路街道、長(zhǎng)征鎮(zhèn)、巷口鎮(zhèn)、南關(guān)鎮(zhèn)、忠莊鎮(zhèn)、海龍鎮(zhèn)、深溪鎮(zhèn)、金鼎山鎮(zhèn)、新蒲鎮(zhèn)。

紅花崗區(qū)至今已有800多年的歷史，歷為黔北的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心。春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期屬蔽國(guó)，附屬于夜郎。秦漢屬蔽縣，唐貞觀20xx年(公元639年)改名播州。明萬(wàn)歷20xx年(公元1620xx年)改為遵義軍民府。1920xx年，民國(guó)政府恢復(fù)遵義縣名。1949年11月25日正式設(shè)市。1997年6月10日，經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)，撤銷縣級(jí)遵義市設(shè)立紅花崗區(qū)。

第6篇 麗江古城旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

各位游客：

歡迎大家來到歷史悠久的文化名城——云南麗江古城。今天，我非常榮幸能陪伴你們一起參觀。

接下來的時(shí)間我們將要游覽的景點(diǎn)是號(hào)稱“東方威尼斯”的麗江古城。也是麗江最著名的景點(diǎn)-麗江古城。我們順著從古城西北端悠悠流至城南的玉泉水來到被稱作為“高原姑蘇”的麗江古城。

在此各位嘉賓就會(huì)想，小x怎能口出狂言，敢把這高原小城稱得如此夸張，其實(shí)一點(diǎn)都沒有被小x夸大，麗江古城就是因?yàn)橛杏袢灤┤怯晒懦欠殖晌骱?、中河、東河三條支流，再分成無數(shù)股支流。城內(nèi)亦有多處龍?zhí)?、泉眼出水。古城利用這種有利的條件，街道自由布局，不求網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工整，主街傍河，小巷臨渠，清澈的泉水穿街流鎮(zhèn)，穿墻過屋，“家家流水，戶戶垂楊”的詩(shī)意是這座古城的真實(shí)寫照，這里雖是云貴高原小鎮(zhèn)，卻頗有江南水鄉(xiāng)的特色。

山川流水環(huán)抱中的麗江縣城，相傳因形似一方大硯而得名“大研鎮(zhèn)”。它由大研、白沙、束河三部分組成，大研古城是它們的集中代表，所以人們常常把它叫作大研古城或大研鎮(zhèn)。而且大研古城位于麗江盆地的中心，古城的西南角聳立著酷似書天巨筆的文筆鋒，麗江盆地則象一方碧玉做成的大硯臺(tái)，古時(shí)“研”和“硯”相通，所以古城叫大研。說話間我們便到了古城，城口最引人注意的應(yīng)該是一雙水車吧，有人說它是子母水車，也有人說它是情人水車。過去古城里就有水車，今天在一些偏遠(yuǎn)之地也在使用。

古城形成于南宋后期，已有八百多年的歷史，面積3.8平方公里，常住人口約三萬(wàn)人，1986年成為國(guó)家級(jí)歷史文化名城，1997年又被列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)，麗江古城除了同蘇州古城一樣具有“小橋流水人家”的特色外，還在古城選址、街道和房屋布局、納西民居等方面別具一格。

麗江的世界文化遺產(chǎn)由白沙古鎮(zhèn)、束河古鎮(zhèn)和大研古鎮(zhèn)三部分組成，但對(duì)于各位嘉賓來說，吸引力最大的是大研古鎮(zhèn)，古城的入口很多，大家隨著小x從右邊的入口進(jìn)入，看見了顯眼的水車后，緊接著右邊是寫有江主席題詞的照壁，古城里有三房一照壁的民居，那照壁就象各位嘉賓看到得著一塊。再往右是水龍柱，龍是管水的，古城里的土木建筑最怕火，但水能克火，所以這個(gè)水龍柱代表古城人民免除火災(zāi)的愿望。千百年來，古城人民象愛護(hù)自己的眼睛一樣愛護(hù)古城，也請(qǐng)各位朋友象古城人民一樣愛護(hù)古城，不亂扔煙頭垃圾。再看世界文化遺產(chǎn)標(biāo)志，圓圈代表地球、自然，方框代表人類創(chuàng)造的文明，圓圈和方框相連，代表人與自然要和-諧統(tǒng)一，麗江古城就是人與自然和-諧統(tǒng)一的杰作。右邊的這些石刻稱得上是麗江的“清明上河圖”，是一幅濃郁的納西風(fēng)情畫。我們腳下是“巴格圖”，是納西先民根據(jù)五行學(xué)說創(chuàng)造的，東巴祭司常用它來定方位和占卜等。

麗江地處金沙江上游，歷史悠久，風(fēng)光秀美，自然環(huán)境雄偉，是古代羌人的后裔、納西族的故鄉(xiāng)。麗江古城海拔2，400米，是麗江納西族自治縣的中心城市，是中國(guó)歷史文化名城之一，是國(guó)家重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)。

探尋它的過去，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)這片曾被遺忘的“古納西王國(guó)”，遠(yuǎn)古以來已有人類生息繁衍。今日的主人納西民族，則是古代南遷羌人的后裔。在千百年的悠長(zhǎng)歲月里，他們辛勤勞作，筑起自己美好的家園。

這里地處滇、川、藏交通要道，古時(shí)候頻繁的商旅活動(dòng)，促使當(dāng)?shù)厝硕∨d旺，很快成為遠(yuǎn)近聞名的集市和重鎮(zhèn)。一般認(rèn)為麗江建城始于宋末元初。公元1253年，忽必烈(元世祖)南徵大理國(guó)時(shí)，就曾駐軍于此。由此開始，直至清初的近五百年里，麗江地區(qū)皆為中央王朝管轄下的納西族木氏先祖及木氏土司(1382年設(shè)立)世襲統(tǒng)治。其間，曾遍游云南的明代地理學(xué)家

第7篇 烏鎮(zhèn)旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

各位朋友，我們今天要一起游覽半個(gè)烏鎮(zhèn)，是烏鎮(zhèn)的一級(jí)景區(qū)，也是它的精華所在，叫東柵。

誰(shuí)知道這里為什么叫烏鎮(zhèn)呢？大家的猜測(cè)都很有道理，因?yàn)檫@里有很多歷史傳說。剛才有的游客說這兒古代烏鴉多，有的游客說這里的人喜歡吃烏雞白鳳丸。其實(shí)呢，你仔細(xì)想想，“烏”很顯然就是黑的意思。因?yàn)樘拼@里的土地非常的肥沃，而且土地是黑色的，大家看，周圍房子頂上的瓦也是黑色的，所以這地方就取名“烏鎮(zhèn)”了烏鎮(zhèn)旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞烏鎮(zhèn)旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞。

烏鎮(zhèn)這個(gè)地方是典型的江南水鄉(xiāng)，比較適合拍電視劇，像《似水年華》《天下糧倉(cāng)》等都是在這里取景拍攝的。眼前的這一條河，叫做“東市河”，深四米。它不僅連接著烏鎮(zhèn)的東柵和西柵，還跟世界第一運(yùn)河――京杭大運(yùn)河是直接通著的。

。你走近點(diǎn)看，那個(gè)水閣的下面的石柱和我們平常見到的有什么不同？對(duì)，它是方的，而不是圓的。為什么呢？因?yàn)樗飼?huì)有蛇啊，方形的柱子蛇爬不上來，怎么樣？設(shè)計(jì)很獨(dú)特吧？

東柵 區(qū)，20xx年，烏鎮(zhèn)保護(hù)開發(fā)東柵工程?hào)|柵景區(qū)正式對(duì)外開放，一期景區(qū)面積約0。46平方公里，保護(hù)建筑面積近6萬(wàn)平方米，是中國(guó)著名的古鎮(zhèn) 旅游勝地。景區(qū)游程達(dá)2公里，由東柵老街、觀前街、河邊水閣、廊棚組成，工程全部完工后，東柵景區(qū)占地面積約為0。9平方公里，設(shè)有十多個(gè)景點(diǎn)。

西柵景區(qū)，西柵位于烏鎮(zhèn)西大街，毗鄰古老的 京杭大運(yùn)河，并有公路直通江蘇、 蘇州和桐鄉(xiāng)市區(qū)，交通十分便利，與東柵以旅游觀光為主題不同，西柵打造的是 商務(wù)旅游、休閑度假為主

西柵景區(qū)占地3。4平方公里，縱橫交叉河道9000多米，需坐渡船出入，有古橋72座，河道密度和石橋數(shù)均為全國(guó)古鎮(zhèn)之最，景區(qū)內(nèi)保存有精美的明清建筑25萬(wàn)平方米，橫貫景區(qū)東西的西柵老街長(zhǎng)度達(dá)1。8公里，兩岸臨河水閣綿延1。8公里余

烏鎮(zhèn)旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞導(dǎo)游

。景區(qū)北部區(qū)域則是五萬(wàn)多平方米的天然濕地。

凱南百床館，江南百床館，是中國(guó)第一家專門收藏、展出江南古床的博物館，坐落在烏鎮(zhèn)東大街210號(hào)，又稱趙家廳，面積約1200多平方米，內(nèi)收數(shù)十張明、清、近代的江南古床精品。館內(nèi)第一展廳陳列的有：明·馬蹄足大筆管式架子床等，采用木架構(gòu)造形式，強(qiáng)調(diào)家具形體的線條形象;第二展廳的有清·拔步千工床等床，用料為黃楊木，長(zhǎng)217公分，深366公分，高292公分，前后共有三疊，此床歷時(shí)3年方才雕成，用工千余，故有其名。

好了，烏鎮(zhèn)馬上就要到了，請(qǐng)大家?guī)闲欣罡蚁萝嚒?/p>

第8篇 旅游景點(diǎn)300字導(dǎo)游詞范文

桂林山水300字導(dǎo)游詞范文

親愛的游客朋友們;

首先自我介紹一下，我叫朱紅玉，是桂林旅行社的導(dǎo)游，我將和大家共同度過這段旅程，感謝大家給我了這次機(jī)會(huì)，我一定會(huì)為大家服務(wù)，讓大家在桂林玩得高興愉快，希望大家對(duì)我們的工作多多關(guān)照。接下來我給大家介紹桂林的概況;

桂林市著名的旅游勝地，俗話說：“桂林山水甲天下。”桂林以她山清，水秀，洞奇，石秀的秀麗風(fēng)光聞名于世，每年吸引著千萬(wàn)的海內(nèi)外的游客帶桂林來觀光旅游。

桂林這一帶的山，一座座高峭聳立，拔地而起，各不相接。桂林的水蜿蜓彎曲，清澈見底，在日后的行程中我將帶領(lǐng)大家乘著小舟去觀賞桂林最美的一條江——漓江。漓江的水是出奇的靜，靜得我們根本感覺不道它在流動(dòng);麗江的水清澈見底，可以看見有許多美麗的魚兒游來游去。

旅客朋友們今天我的講解就到這里了我隨時(shí)恭候大家的再次光臨，我相信大家一定對(duì)這迷人的桂林流連忘返，一定喜歡上了我這個(gè)跟桂林一樣美的導(dǎo)游，對(duì)嗎?再見了!

歡迎你們下次再來!

長(zhǎng)城300字導(dǎo)游詞范文

各位的游客：

大家好!歡迎大家來到我國(guó)著名的世界文化遺產(chǎn)之一——長(zhǎng)城來旅游?，F(xiàn)在由我來?yè)?dān)任你們的小導(dǎo)游，我叫李禹默。

從北京出發(fā)，不過100多里就到長(zhǎng)城腳下。這是北京八達(dá)嶺上的一段長(zhǎng)城，它全長(zhǎng)一萬(wàn)三千多里。長(zhǎng)城高大堅(jiān)固，是用巨大的條石和城磚筑成的。

八達(dá)嶺長(zhǎng)城很寬，五六匹馬可以并行，城墻外沿設(shè)有兩米高的垛子，上面有方形的瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射擊用。城墻頂上，每隔三百多米，就有一座方形的城臺(tái)，是屯兵用的堡壘。打仗的時(shí)候，城臺(tái)之間可以遙相呼應(yīng)。

長(zhǎng)城一塊條石就有兩三千斤重，那時(shí)侯沒有火車、汽車、起重機(jī)，就靠者無數(shù)的肩膀無數(shù)的手，一步一步地抬上這陡峭的山嶺。

我的講解結(jié)束了，祝大家旅游開心，謝謝大家。

布達(dá)拉300字導(dǎo)游詞范文

大家好，我是這次的小導(dǎo)游。我姓藍(lán)，大家可以叫我小藍(lán)，希望在我的陪同下大家能渡過這愉快的一天。

我們這次是要去看世界著名的文化遺產(chǎn)——布達(dá)拉宮。下面請(qǐng)由我介紹一下布達(dá)拉宮。

布達(dá)拉宮位于拉薩市中心，是世界著名的文化遺產(chǎn)。

我們現(xiàn)在步行來到了拉薩最寬闊最漂亮的北京中路。大家往下看，我們已經(jīng)站在了鋪著長(zhǎng)方形花崗巖的北京中路上。大家看布達(dá)拉宮是不是只見一片青綠的草坪后面，橫著有一堵高而堅(jiān)固的圍墻呢?圍墻后面便是紅山及其山頂上的雄偉宮殿。因?yàn)榈撞亢蜄|西兩岸則為白色，所以人們稱作白宮。中間頂部是褐紅色，人們稱作紅宮。一排一排的窗口四處都涂滿了黑色，白、紅、黑、這三種顏色是不是很漂亮呢?

好了，今天就游覽到這，明天我們?cè)賮碛斡[布達(dá)拉宮的其它地方。

黃山300字導(dǎo)游詞范文

游客們，大家好!歡迎大家來到世界遺產(chǎn)——黃山風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)。很高興成為大家的導(dǎo)游!我叫王詩(shī)詩(shī)，大家叫我王導(dǎo)好了。

俗話說：“五岳歸來不看山，黃山歸來不看岳。”黃山以奇松、怪石、云海、溫泉、冬雪“五絕”聞名中外。今天我就給大家重點(diǎn)介紹黃山的奇松吧。

大家請(qǐng)看，黃山的松樹能在巖石縫中生存，生命力極強(qiáng)。它們形狀各異，姿態(tài)萬(wàn)千：黑虎松、龍爪松、連理松、迎客松等很多松樹都因?yàn)樗鼈兊男螤疃妹?迎客松是黃山著名的景點(diǎn)之一，外形更是特別：它的樹干中部伸出長(zhǎng)達(dá)7.6米的兩大側(cè)枝展向前方，恰似一位好客的主人，揮展雙臂，熱情歡迎海內(nèi)外賓客來黃山游覽，成為中華民族熱情好客的象征。等會(huì)兒我們還可以在那兒盡情拍照，作為紀(jì)念。

黃山的奇觀說也說不完，看也看不夠?，F(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)大家盡情去欣賞黃山的美景吧!

請(qǐng)大家在游玩的時(shí)候不要亂扔果皮和和食品包裝袋，不要到危險(xiǎn)的地方去。

祝大家玩得愉快!

第9篇 昆明旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

昆明不僅是中國(guó)西部的第四大城市,也是中國(guó)面向東南亞、南亞的門戶樞紐。下面是為大家?guī)淼睦ッ髀糜尉包c(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞，希望可以幫助大家。

昆明旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文1：昆明西山

昆明西山古稱碧雞山.為碧蟯山，華亭山，太華山，羅漢山的總稱.西山位于昆明西郊，滇池西岸，距市區(qū)15公里，隔滇池與金馬山遙遙相對(duì)。北起碧雞關(guān)，南至?？冢d延35公里.最高峰羅漢峰，海拔2 511米。山巒起伏，彤似臥佛，故也稱臥佛山。隔水相望宛如—豐盈的女子躺臥滇池岸邊，有“睡美人”山之美稱.三清閣上鑿有龍門石窟.為昆明地區(qū)第一勝景.西山之名最早見與明天順六年(1462年)，敕賜華庭山，大園覺禪寺圣旨碑“云南府昆明縣海西山”。

西山森林茂密，花草繁盛，清幽秀美，景致極佳，在古代就有“滇中第一佳境”之譽(yù)。從昆明城東南一眺望，西山宛如一位美女臥在滇池兩岸。她的頭、胸、腹、腿部歷歷在目，青絲飄灑在滇池的波光浪影之中，顯得豐姿綽約，嫵媚動(dòng)人，所以又叫睡美人。

民間傳說，遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)一位公主耐不住宮中寂寞，偷偷出了王宮與一小伙結(jié)為夫婦。后來，國(guó)王拆散了這一美滿姻緣，并用計(jì)將小伙子害死。公主悲痛欲絕，痛哭不止，淚水匯作了滇池，她也仰面倒下化作了西山。西山現(xiàn)已辟為一座森林公園，景點(diǎn)較多。每年陽(yáng)春三月，昆明人有“三月三，耍西山”的習(xí)俗，屆時(shí)四方士民云集聚會(huì)，唱山歌，對(duì)小調(diào)，耍龍舞獅，野餐賞景，熱鬧非凡。

昆明旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文2：華亭寺

華亭寺原名大圓覺禪寺，元代至治三年(1323)玄峰和尚就大理國(guó)時(shí)期高氏別墅舊址建寺，明天順六年(1462)，寺僧相晟主持重修，清康熙二十六年(1688)重修擴(kuò)建后定名華亭寺。

一九二零年虛云老和尚主持重修，時(shí)稱“靖國(guó)云棲禪寺”，為昆明地區(qū)的最大佛寺。1984落實(shí)黨的宗教政策，華亭寺列入全國(guó)首批開放寺院，承蒙廣眾善士之功德，重修藏經(jīng)樓、翻修殿堂、新建五百羅漢堂，修復(fù)文物古跡及古今名家匾聯(lián)，增加現(xiàn)代書法楹聯(lián)，完整地保護(hù)名山佛寺。

華亭寺結(jié)構(gòu)完整、布局謹(jǐn)嚴(yán)、氣勢(shì)渾厚，對(duì)宗教文化及古代建筑藝術(shù)的研究均有重要價(jià)值。主要建筑有：大雄寶殿、藏經(jīng)樓、撞鐘樓、方丈、禪堂、祖堂、齋堂、客堂、鐘、鼓樓及海會(huì)塔等。呈平面布局呈矩形，在佛教建筑中屬中軸對(duì)稱、封閉院落式類型。大雄寶殿內(nèi)塑有三世金身佛像、南海觀音和五百羅漢像，天王殿內(nèi)塑有彌勒菩薩、四大天王、水火二金剛及韋馱菩薩，藏經(jīng)樓供奉釋迦牟尼漢白玉佛像。寺內(nèi)珍藏有：元泰定元年(1324)梵文尊勝陀羅尼經(jīng)咒石幢、明天順圣旨碑、明代狀元楊慎的楹聯(lián)“一水抱城西，煙靄有無，柱杖僧歸蒼茫外;群峰朝閣下，雨晴濃淡，倚欄人在畫圖中”，等珍貴歷史文物。

太華寺歷經(jīng)七百多年風(fēng)雨兵燹的滄桑歲月，明清兩代多次擴(kuò)建和修葺，但主殿仍保持元代建筑風(fēng)格。寺院座西面東，規(guī)模宏闊，布局嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，四合五天井，走馬戲角樓，展現(xiàn)了多民族傳統(tǒng)的穿斗結(jié)構(gòu)，寺內(nèi)亭、閣、廊、池匯成曲，清幽恬靜。

昆明旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文3：巖泉禪寺

宜良縣城金星村，有一山狀若臥獅，人稱伏獅山。五峰壁立,巖峭千仞。巖下清泉晝夜淙淙，水質(zhì)佳、流量大。水秀山俊，修竹茂林，清幽雅靜。因山水故，又名巖泉山。“自古名山僧占多”。元至正初(約1341年)名僧盤龍祖師至，結(jié)茅為庵，弘揚(yáng)佛釋。緣滿而去，徒眾建祖師殿供奉，代代如是。后有道士發(fā)現(xiàn)此處是“風(fēng)水寶地”，躋身其間。巖泉古剎遂成釋道偕居、寺觀并處之所。

明景泰年間(1450年～1456年)，即沐府人朱福海始修，萬(wàn)歷間僧人興寬重修。得稱“巖泉漱玉”，為宜良八景之一?？滴醵?1687年)，邑令高士朗、教諭王佐才偕邀文人邑士投資經(jīng)營(yíng)，建閣起亭、筑半月池。巖泉自此成為自然、人文景觀皆俱名勝佳境。咸同兵燹，殿閣損毀。1920xx年，知縣錢良駿重修亭臺(tái)，題“半山亭”。1920xx年，邑紳馬云翔募資修斗母閣、玉皇閣，新建涼風(fēng)亭，廣植花木，并大規(guī)模作摩崖石刻。寺觀煥然一新，成其最繁榮時(shí)期。1940年，日機(jī)轟炸昆明，傷兵醫(yī)院遷入，景物難免損壞。

1987年7月，摩崖石刻公布為宜良縣重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。1993年2月，縣政府批準(zhǔn)，巖泉寺所有權(quán)劃歸金星辦事處。近年來，辦事處進(jìn)行大規(guī)模全面重建。新建大雄寶殿、天王殿、玉皇閣、財(cái)神殿、山門、游泳池等，又廣植花木、草坪，并修道路，增設(shè)石桌石凳，使得巖泉煥然改觀今勝昔。1999年4月，昆明世博園指揮部及云南省旅游局授牌為世博會(huì)旅游接待定點(diǎn)單位。

20xx年，巖泉寺管委會(huì)刻紀(jì)念性碑刻三通：“錢穆教授著書處”碑、“袁嘉谷品茗處”碑、“藏真閣遺址”碑。記載了巖泉寺近代三件史實(shí)，很有創(chuàng)意，大大提高了巖泉寺的文化品位。

第10篇 福建旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文

福建自古稱“閩”，“閩”的意義就是門內(nèi)供著一條蛇。今天小編為大家?guī)砀＝糜尉包c(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文，希望對(duì)你有所幫助。

福建旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞范文

大家好!很高興今天有機(jī)會(huì)和大家一起參觀九日山。

九日山在泉州市區(qū)西郊南安境內(nèi)豐州鎮(zhèn)西面，距泉州市區(qū)約七公里，為我國(guó)著名海外交通史跡，列為全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。

九日山，一說因晉代南遷者，每年農(nóng)歷九月初九在此登山高瞻遠(yuǎn)望，故稱之;另說曾有一道人，從德化戴云山走九日至此，故名。

該山歷史悠久，自唐以來，文人墨客曾先后登臨或隱居于此。

山勢(shì)疊疊奔騰，高在百米左右，巖石懸崖,巖峣崢嶸，綠樹掩映搖翠，山前晉江流水蜿蜒蕩漾，真是“溪流灣漾，峰巒映發(fā)，奧街明秀，隱為一區(qū)“，風(fēng)景優(yōu)美，文物薈萃，成為泉州著名的游覽區(qū)之一。

山有東西北三峰，其形如鉗。

西峰因唐代名詩(shī)人秦系在此隱居，放稱高士峰，或稱西臺(tái)。

頂峰有五代石佛造像，稱石佛山。

石佛為五代陳洪進(jìn)所倡刻，高4.5米，寬1.5米，袒胸盤坐于蓮座上，衣紋流暢對(duì)稱，為泉州最早的石雕造像，外筑石亭，以保護(hù)石像，全系石構(gòu)，硬山式屋頂，面闊進(jìn)深，均具一間，呈方形。

東峰因唐代宰相姜公輔貶謫隸泉，寄跡山中，卒后葬此，故名姜相峰，或稱東臺(tái)，又因其形似麒麟，俗稱麒麟山。

北峰連接?xùn)|西兩峰，叫北臺(tái)，三峰環(huán)抱成一塢，曰白云塢。

塢中白云出岫，碧譚幽間，出峽南注，為菩薩泉?jiǎng)氽E。

山麓原有西晉太康九年(公元220xx年)乃泉州最早佛教寺院。

南朝印度高僧拘那羅陀在此翻譯金剛經(jīng)，學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，山上還留有翻經(jīng)石古跡。

山中古跡遍布，目前僅留八十余處，多數(shù)集中于西峰東坡和東峰南麓，最珍貴的為宋元祈風(fēng)石刻，包括明代摩崖石刻有七十余處。

因宋元時(shí)間，泉州海外交通相當(dāng)發(fā)達(dá)，亞非人民每年往來于泉州很多。

當(dāng)時(shí)來泉州經(jīng)營(yíng)海外貿(mào)易的番舶，要靠風(fēng)駕船。

來泉的番舶要在春夏東南風(fēng)而來，秋間則順西北風(fēng)而去。

由于當(dāng)時(shí)泉州政府和人民重視外賓的友好關(guān)系，每年番舶揚(yáng)帆之際，泉州郡守和市舶(海關(guān))有關(guān)官員及泉州知名人士，都要登九日山昭惠廟，在通遠(yuǎn)王祠為番舶祈風(fēng)，并刻石留記。

來代石刻有十方記載有關(guān)海交職事和海交交渲活動(dòng)情況，“有郡守倪思正甫，提舶全茂實(shí)騰，遵令典祈風(fēng)于昭惠廟……”，“大守貳卿顏頤仲，禱回舶南風(fēng)，遵齊曲也，提舶寺丞劉克遜俱禱焉……”，“舶司歲兩祈風(fēng)于通遠(yuǎn)王廟……”，“以遣舶祈風(fēng)于延福寺，通遠(yuǎn)善劉廣福王祠下，修故事也”等。

《泉州府志》記載“神永春樂山山隱士也，居臺(tái)峰，后仙去，著靈響，人飼之，呼嗡爹。

唐咸通中，山僧欲建寺，求材樂山，遇一翁白須指其處，得杞、楠、夢(mèng)許護(hù)送，一夕材乘漲下，眾神之。

作靈樂祠，名殿神色，宋封神通遠(yuǎn)王，賜額照事。

嘉祐中，泉州大旱，宋蔡忠惠求雨輒應(yīng)，奏加封善利王，尋加號(hào)廣福，顯濟(jì)。

北宋泉州已設(shè)市舶司，祈風(fēng)是他的職責(zé)之一。

九日山這些祈風(fēng)石刻和祭祥神明之記載都是泉州海外交通的重要史績(jī)，為宋時(shí)我國(guó)人民和亞非人民之間的和平友好的歷史見證，有重大的歷史意義。

福建旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞內(nèi)容

各位朋友，現(xiàn)在我們看到的這個(gè)洞，就是水簾洞。

位于丹霞嶂東面的水簾洞，原名唐曜洞天。

因此瑞泉巖峰巔有兩道飛泉奔瀉而下，隨風(fēng)飄灑，猶如燦爛的水簾，故后人便改稱為水簾洞。

該洞是武夷山景區(qū)內(nèi)最大的洞穴，高寬各一百多米。

洞頂斜覆而出，宛如一道飛檐，遮住了半邊天。

洞門前終年流淌的兩面三刀股清泉，從一百多米高的巖頂飛瀉而下，微風(fēng)過處，水珠搖曳分合。

隨風(fēng)飄灑，仿佛天女散花，又如懸掛的兩幅珠簾。

古人有詩(shī)道：“赤壁千尋晴拂雨，明珠萬(wàn)顆畫垂簾。”大家隔簾望去，洞外的茶園竹叢，村落人家，一片迷濛，是否猶如一幅淡雅的山水畫。

水簾洞內(nèi)摩崖石刻比比皆是。

巖壁上這“活源”二字，系清光緒壬午陛用總兵浙江象山協(xié)副將楚南余宏亮所題寫。

相傳活源取自朱熹《觀書有感》一詩(shī)：“半廟方塘一鑒開，云影天光共徘徊;問渠哪得清如許，為有源頭活水來。”古人在此勒上“活源”二字，即點(diǎn)出了水簾洞的景致，又勾起人們對(duì)朱熹求學(xué)精神的追思，恰到好處。

“水簾晴雪，赤壁明珠”，系石川(作者生平不詳)所題寫。

這兩方題刻，動(dòng)靜結(jié)合，情景交融，生動(dòng)逼真地勾畫出水簾洞的景觀。

水簾洞內(nèi)，軒爽敞亮，可容數(shù)百人。

沿崖這數(shù)棟茶室，為原奉祀宋體朝大儒劉子惲、朱熹、劉珙的三賢祠和奉祀孔子、老子、釋迦牟尼的三教堂的遺址。

關(guān)于三教堂曾流傳這么一個(gè)有趣的故事：三教堂內(nèi)，原供奉的是孔子、老子、釋迦牟尼，所進(jìn)香的有儒、道佛三教的信徒，時(shí)間久了儒士們就發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)問題，當(dāng)羽士主持教堂時(shí)，老子塑像就居中;僧人主持時(shí)，釋迦牟尼塑像就居中，唯儒士沒主持過教堂，所以孔子的塑像就一直冷落在旁。

儒士們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)問題后，十分氣憤，狀告到縣衙門，寫道：“惟吾夫子屈尊處末，褻瀆已極，是所望于崇邑當(dāng)事諸群為之整飾耳。”由于縣太爺也是儒士出身，于是此事得到了妥善處理。

出水簾洞口，磴道右側(cè)這個(gè)池，叫浴龍池。

水簾瀉入池中，不斷濺起水花，隨即又晃漾出漣漪，煞是好看(猶一條龍?jiān)趹蛩?。

[導(dǎo)游內(nèi)容]青獅巖——>;劉官寨——>;蓮花峰——>;龍峰巖——>;碧石巖

沿水簾洞前石徑前行，翻嶺可見左側(cè)一巖，這就是青獅巖。

因巖巒形似蹲獅，突兀雄奇，故又名形獅巖。

青獅巖由于遠(yuǎn)離景區(qū)中心，偏處一隅，相傳直到明嘉靖年間才被一位名叫范虛靈的人發(fā)現(xiàn)。

范虛靈發(fā)現(xiàn)這一奇妙的景觀后，竟不忍離去在此結(jié)廬隱居達(dá)四十年之久。

大家現(xiàn)在看到的巖壁上幾堵殘?jiān)?，就是他?dāng)年草創(chuàng)的“獅巖”舊址。

巖的西面，這塊長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)十丈的石坪，叫“月臺(tái)”。

據(jù)說每當(dāng)月明之夜，這位嗜灑如命的范隱士，就在此舉杯勸影，自得其樂。

福建旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞示例

各位團(tuán)友：大家好!

我是****公司的導(dǎo)游員***，歡迎大家來到海峽和平女神媽祖的故鄉(xiāng)——湄洲島觀光旅游。

人們說：湄洲島象一塊極品翡翠，被東海的碧波濯洗得清凈晶瑩;像一位美麗的少女，被亞熱帶多情的海風(fēng)滋潤(rùn)得嫵媚動(dòng)人。

如此妖媚的極品，我希望能和大家一起分享。

確實(shí)，湄洲島的風(fēng)光一處勝過一處，傳說一節(jié)美過一節(jié)。

這里有東方麥加之稱的湄洲媽祖廟;有勝過美國(guó)夏威夷的黃金沙灘，而我今天將帶領(lǐng)大家去參觀的卻是一處鮮為人知的海蝕景觀———峨尾石景。

瞧大家的神態(tài)，心里一定充滿了疑慮，三山五岳我都去過，就這一座小山，會(huì)有什么看頭。

確實(shí)遠(yuǎn)看峨尾山，它是一座海拔不足70米的小山，要從巍峨壯觀、氣勢(shì)磅礴的角度來看，它太微不足道了。

但俗話說得好，“山不在高，有仙則名。”當(dāng)我們走近它時(shí)，大家就會(huì)對(duì)大自然的鬼斧神工和博大精深而嘆為觀止。

整個(gè)峨尾景區(qū)總的來講有三大魅力：①它是一座天然盆景園，山上怪石林立，山巖競(jìng)秀，林木蔥蘢;②它也是一個(gè)不可多得的海濱浴場(chǎng)，海邊沙灘連綿潔凈，前臨碧波萬(wàn)頃的大海，背依千畝綠林;③同時(shí)，它還是一個(gè)故事林，峨尾的每一處景觀、每一塊石頭都有一個(gè)神奇的故事傳說。

大家請(qǐng)看整個(gè)峨尾山由左右兩座小山組成的，我們先從右側(cè)開始參觀，這有許多栩栩如生的動(dòng)物造型，待會(huì)兒在大家移步的過程中，請(qǐng)大家用敏銳的眼光和聰慧的想象尋找一下，噢對(duì)了，有貝殼、有鷹、有狗、有海龜……

哇!這么多，大家找得真是又快又準(zhǔn)，左邊那躺在路邊的貝殼，仿佛在列隊(duì)恭迎大家的光臨，叫“圣貝迎賓”，右邊這只鷹，瞧它神氣的架式，耀武揚(yáng)威的樣子叫“雄鷹獵勝”而頂上這只雙眼圓瞪，怒視天空的狗，我們便稱它為“天狗吠日”，瞧它的兇狠的樣子，我們還是少去惹它為妙。

而這只龜?shù)纳駪B(tài)就最為逼真了，活脫脫是爬上岸后舍不得離去的樣子，人稱“海龜朝圣”，海龜朝圣的故事在湄洲島流傳了幾百年，圣是媽祖的別稱，海龜怎么會(huì)去朝圣媽祖呢?相傳此龜為海中神龜，它經(jīng)?？吹綃屪嬷簧硪蝗?，風(fēng)里來，雨里去，在驚濤駭浪中奮力救生，海龜被媽祖慈悲濟(jì)世的精神深深打動(dòng)了，所以經(jīng)常協(xié)助救人。

公元987年農(nóng)歷九月初九，媽祖天定在人間“二八”為期的期限到了，她將離開人間，回到天庭。

天性善良的媽祖不愿驚動(dòng)人們，想悄然離去。

但海龜在冥冥之中有知，趕緊從海里趕來，想為媽祖送行，它爬呀爬呀，可最終來不及爬到湄嶼峰，就看見一朵祥云冉冉升起，媽祖升天了。

傷心欲絕的海龜抬頭仰望，含著淚，目送媽祖離去。

從此海龜化身為石，永遠(yuǎn)留在了朝圣的路上，千年不變，瞧它的神態(tài)，似乎在期望媽祖的歸來，繼續(xù)懲惡揚(yáng)善，也似乎在祈禱著一種盛世的太平。

告別了神龜，請(qǐng)大家隨我繼續(xù)往上參觀，在沒走之前，我有個(gè)請(qǐng)求，呆會(huì)兒要穿越前方那片綠林時(shí)，請(qǐng)大家放輕腳步，等到了那邊，大家自然便會(huì)知曉。

瞧這兩只是什么?對(duì)，青蛙，我們稱它為“雙蛙幽會(huì)”，這兩只青蛙不但聰明而且浪漫，約會(huì)竟找得如此幽雅的環(huán)境，在綠林掩映并可俯瞰四周的位置，瞧它們的樣子，一定是生怕別人會(huì)來打擾他們的情趣。

看來，在天愿為比翼鳥，在地愿為連理枝，并不單單只是人的愿望。

那么現(xiàn)在大家應(yīng)該知道，為什么我要讓大家放輕腳步的緣故了。

第11篇 蘇州寒山寺旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

各位朋友，到蘇州旅游，寒山寺是人們向往的地方，今天我們游覽的景點(diǎn)就是寒山寺。寒山寺位于城西楓橋鎮(zhèn)，建于公元508至519年的梁代天監(jiān)年間，當(dāng)時(shí)名叫'妙利普明塔院'，唐朝時(shí)才叫寒山寺。寒山寺并非因山得名，而是因人得名。唐代時(shí)，寒山、拾得兩位高僧到此，后人為紀(jì)念寒山，改寺名為寒山寺。寒山確有其人，是唐朝詩(shī)僧，著有《寒山子詩(shī)集》留世。寒山寺自唐代以來一直名揚(yáng)中外，魅力無窮，尋本探源，有這樣幾個(gè)原因：

第一，唐代詩(shī)人張繼的《楓橋夜泊》詩(shī)，使它家喻戶曉。'月落鳥啼霜滿天，江楓漁火對(duì)愁眠;姑蘇城外寒山寺，夜半鐘聲到客船。'這些傳世佳句，起到了文因景傳，景因文名，鐘聲詩(shī)韻，名揚(yáng)百世的效果。該詩(shī)不但在我國(guó)流傳極廣，而且很早就傳到了一衣帶水的東鄰日本，因此，清代著名學(xué)者俞樾在《重修寒山寺記》一文中說過：'其國(guó)三尺之童無不能誦是詩(shī)者。'到今天它仍被編人日本學(xué)校教科書中。在東南亞、歐美，這些詩(shī)句也很受青睞。

第二，佛門弟子一直認(rèn)為，曾住持過此寺的唐代和尚寒山、拾得，分別是文殊、普賢兩位菩薩轉(zhuǎn)世的高僧，并把他們神化為我國(guó)的和合二仙，成為人們喜聞樂見的神仙。民間傳說，拾得和尚乘了寒山寺里的一口鐘，飄洋過海到過日本一個(gè)名叫薩堤的地方，傳播佛學(xué)和中國(guó)文化。這個(gè)故事曾以連環(huán)畫的藝術(shù)形式在日本的1989年第4期《中國(guó)醫(yī)報(bào)》雜志上登載，題為《寒山寺鐘聲》，更使寒山寺多了個(gè)娓娓動(dòng)聽的中日友好話題。

第三，民間相傳，張繼詩(shī)中涉及的鐘，歷經(jīng)滄桑，在明末流入日本。清末，日本山田寒山先生便四處探尋，欲將此鐘歸還原主，但終無下落，便募捐集資，鑄一對(duì)青銅鐘，一送寒山寺，一留日本館山寺。在中日民間文化交流和友好往來史冊(cè)中，寫下了美好的一頁(yè)。

第四，寒山寺的鐘聲不但有悠久的文化歷史內(nèi)涵，還有奇妙的功能，這功能用12個(gè)字可以概括二'聞鐘聲，煩惱清，智慧長(zhǎng)，菩提生。'菩提，在梵文(即印度古代文字)中意為'覺悟''大徹大悟'。所以旅游者都要親自聆聽寒山寺的鐘聲。

唐代詩(shī)人張繼當(dāng)年進(jìn)京考試名落孫山，歸途中夜泊楓橋，正是聽了夜半寒山寺鐘聲的啟迪，靈感頓開，寫下了楓橋夜泊這首千古絕唱，在中國(guó)文學(xué)史上占了引人注目的一席。也正是寒山寺鐘聲使他消了煩惱，繼續(xù)寒窗苦讀，后來再次赴京城應(yīng)試，結(jié)果中了進(jìn)士?？傊K州寒山寺的鐘聲能安撫心神，啟迪思維，寄托美好期望。現(xiàn)在我們就要進(jìn)入寒山寺景區(qū)了。

寒山寺景區(qū)擁有'古寺、古橋、古關(guān)、古鎮(zhèn)、古運(yùn)河'供游人游覽。古寺，指寒山寺。古關(guān)，指大運(yùn)河和上塘河交匯處的鐵鈴關(guān)，建于公元1557年，為明代抗擊倭寇的關(guān)隘，城樓雄偉。古橋，指寒山寺西側(cè)大運(yùn)河上的江村橋和楓橋，詩(shī)人張繼名句'江楓漁火對(duì)愁眠'中的江楓，就指這兩座橋。古鎮(zhèn)，就是寒山寺所在的楓橋鎮(zhèn)，粉墻黛瓦的民居，鱗次櫛比的商店、茶館、書場(chǎng)，一派姑蘇水鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)光。古運(yùn)河，指寒山寺旁的京杭大運(yùn)河。大運(yùn)河從北京到杭州全長(zhǎng)1794公里，是公元605至6xx年間隋煬帝時(shí)開鑿的。大運(yùn)河促進(jìn)了南北物資和文化交流，也給蘇州的經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了繁榮。

各位朋友，前面金碧輝煌、宏偉莊重的寶塔就是寒山寺的普明塔。寒山寺的布局與眾不同：一反寺廟普遍朝南的慣例，它的廟門是朝西的。為什么呢?請(qǐng)大家思考一下?，F(xiàn)在我們下車取道寒山別院去寒山寺。

寒山別院是個(gè)不可多得的好去處。它終年綠滿視野，蒼松、翠竹、桂花、櫻花、臘梅、草坪與落月池、映月亭、愁眠坡、寒山橋、聽鐘坪、覓詩(shī)廊等景物交相映輝。在一小匠上，有座雅致的松茂亭，內(nèi)立一塊依照我國(guó)革命先驅(qū)、中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的創(chuàng)始人之一的李大釗手書《楓橋夜泊》詩(shī)碑。李大釗同志的這件墨寶寫于1919年，原件珍藏于中國(guó)革命博物館，于1993年立碑于此，為寒山寺景區(qū)增添了光彩。寒山寺內(nèi)還珍藏著宋代的、明代的、清代的、民國(guó)年間的以及現(xiàn)代文人學(xué)者寫的楓橋夜泊詩(shī)碑。

寒山寺山門就要到了。前面的那座石拱圈古橋就是江村橋，橋堍與山門之間那垛黃墻稱照壁，墻上'寒山寺'三個(gè)大字為浙江東湖名土陶浚宣所寫，古樸蒼勁。建議大家在此留影。

請(qǐng)看，寒山寺的山門，即大門，是朝西的。說起這門的朝向，有它的來歷。蘇州孔廟里有塊刻于1229年的蘇州地圖，名叫《平江圖》，因?yàn)樗未K州稱為平江府，圖上的寒山寺廟門就已經(jīng)是朝西的了。另外，《寒山寺志》也明文寫到：'寺院呈長(zhǎng)方形，四周培垣峻起，山門西向。'為何朝西?德高望重的寒山寺老方丈性空法師曾指點(diǎn)迷津，說過四個(gè)字：'因地制宜'。隋代開的大運(yùn)河，至唐宋之際日益繁忙;蘇州是水鄉(xiāng)，廟門朝西靠河邊，便于路過的商賈、船民、農(nóng)民、信徒乘船來此朝拜進(jìn)香。再者，人們熟知唐玄類西天取經(jīng)的故事，西是佛祖居住地，西方又稱極樂世界，光明圣潔，無一切煩惱，廟門朝西也表示崇敬向往佛國(guó)圣地，一舉兩得，何樂而不為!另外，按照五行學(xué)說，水能克火。歷代寺僧以大運(yùn)河的水來克火，所以歷史上寒山寺曾太平了幾百年。

然而，和尚的苦心仍逃不脫人間災(zāi)難。元未遭戰(zhàn)火;明代兩次火災(zāi);清代也是兩次，其中一次是戰(zhàn)火，燒毀了這座古寺?，F(xiàn)在的寒山寺是清光緒三十二年，即19xx年重建的。

山門兩旁兩棵古樟，郁郁蔥蔥。黃墻內(nèi)古典樓閣飛檐翹角，右為楓江樓，左為霜鐘樓，都源于楓橋夜泊詩(shī)。迎著山門坐在佛龕中的那尊金裝佛像是彌勒佛，笑容可掬，袒胸露腹，笑迎客從四方來。他是佛祖釋迦牟尼的接班人，所以也叫未來佛。在有的佛寺中，如蘇州的靈巖山寺，天王殿內(nèi)的彌勒像衣冠端正，面容莊重，正襟危坐，那是彌勒的真身。而許多佛寺中供奉的喜笑歡樂的彌勒，乃是彌勒的化身。他的塑像兩旁常配的楹聯(lián)是：

'大肚能容容天下難容之事，慈顏常笑笑世間可笑之人。'

現(xiàn)在再看佛龕背后一尊威風(fēng)凜凜的將軍像，面朝里，對(duì)著大雄寶殿，手拿金剛杵，也叫降魔杵，那是韋馱，位居四大天王手下的三十二神將之首。為何韋馱要面向大雄寶殿呢?據(jù)說古印度佛寺內(nèi)的大雄寶殿，為佛祖靈堂，寶殿前是安放釋迦牟尼舍利塔，即靈骨塔的。有個(gè)'捷疾鬼'偷走了佛的兩顆牙齒。韋馱神通廣大，能行走如飛，他飛駛抓賊，奪回佛牙。之后，他就擔(dān)負(fù)起守衛(wèi)佛祖舍利塔的重任，所以在寺廟中他總面向內(nèi)。我國(guó)佛教協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)趙樸初先生著文說過：佛教是中國(guó)文化的一部分，要吸取佛教文化精華，發(fā)揚(yáng)'人間佛教'精神，為兩個(gè)文明建設(shè)服務(wù)。他還說：'人間佛教'重在凈自己的身心，重在有利有益于社會(huì)人群。如僧人植樹造林，行醫(yī)施藥，勸人從善等不勝枚舉。

請(qǐng)向前走。這里是寒山寺的主庭園，樹木蔥蘢，可謂清靜佛地。左側(cè)的花壇兩面嵌長(zhǎng)條石刻兩塊，一為明代崇幀年間刻的'寒拾遺蹤';另一刻清末江蘇巡撫程德全寫的'妙利宗風(fēng)'。八個(gè)遒勁漂亮的大字，簡(jiǎn)明扼要地點(diǎn)出了寒山寺1480多年來的歷史;梁代初建時(shí)叫妙利普明塔院，唐代時(shí)高僧寒山。拾得從天臺(tái)山來此當(dāng)家，稱寒山寺。

我們先參觀羅漢堂。這里五百尊羅漢，都是香樟木雕成的鍍金羅漢，是清代雍正年間的文物。五百羅漢就是釋跡牟尼的五百弟子。羅漢能達(dá)到這樣三個(gè)境界：一、不受生死輪回之苦;二、不貪，無煩惱，永遠(yuǎn)進(jìn)入涅盤狀態(tài);三、受天人供養(yǎng)。

在羅漢堂中央矗立著一尊觀音銅像，高2.5米，重1.5噸，是由日本宗教畫院、日本禪宗畫家協(xié)會(huì)贈(zèng)送的，于1995年落成。

參觀大雄寶殿前，請(qǐng)?jiān)诨◢弾r鋪地的露臺(tái)上欣賞三件東西。一是露臺(tái)的欄桿，均用漢白玉雕成，刻以蓮花等花紋飾物。二是鐵香爐，爐上'大化陶熔'四字，是何含意?'大化'意為'佛的教化'。'陶'比喻造就、培養(yǎng)。'熔'可作熔鑄金屬或澆制成器具時(shí)用的模型解。綜合四字，就是：按佛教教義規(guī)范培養(yǎng)信徒，使頑者歸化，脫胎換骨。暗示佛的神通廣大。三是大殿前的一對(duì)石柱，稱露盤，是和尚就餐前放飯盛水，以供所謂餓鬼食用的器具。

這里是大雄寶殿。'大雄'指的是釋迦牟尼，意為像大勇士一樣，一切無畏。寶殿正中坐在蓮花上的就是佛教創(chuàng)始人釋迦牟尼，他曾在古印度的深山老林里苦修六年，最后在菩提樹下得道成佛。他胸前的金色'卍'符號(hào)，唐代武則天把它讀作'萬(wàn)'，意為'萬(wàn)德吉祥'。在有的佛寺中，也有寫成'卐'的，可以通用。

佛祖左邊站立的眉毛雪白的長(zhǎng)者名叫迦葉，佛祖右邊站立的年輕者叫阿難，他們是如來的得力弟子。佛祖逝世后，迦葉在靈鷲山主持了佛教信徒第一次集會(huì);阿難是佛祖的堂弟，聰明智慧，擅長(zhǎng)記憶，跟隨佛祖25年，把佛祖生前的話語(yǔ)寫在貝葉樹的葉子上，成為佛經(jīng)。1924年，康有為參拜寒山寺，寫了一副'真經(jīng)書貝葉，法果證菩提'的對(duì)聯(lián)，概括了佛教歷史，現(xiàn)珍藏在寒山寺楓江樓里，成為寒山寺重要文物之一。

大雄寶殿兩側(cè)沿墻分列十八羅漢坐像，都是明代的鐵鑄金羅漢，是從山西五臺(tái)山擎來的。寒山寺大雄寶殿的特色在于殿的后面。一般寺院中右側(cè)木架上掛一口鐘，左側(cè)木架上放鼓，體現(xiàn)出家人晨鐘暮鼓的修煉生活，但這里右側(cè)懸掛著的鐘，與眾不同，這就是我在車上提到的日本銅鐘。該鐘全名為：仿唐青銅乳頭鐘。鐘上的銘文全是漢字，為19xx年的日本首相伊藤博文所寫。

所謂晨鐘暮鼓，乃是古時(shí)唐代一種計(jì)時(shí)方式：早晨敲鐘，一天開始;晚間擊鼓，一天勞作結(jié)束。寺廟保持古風(fēng)，迎接早晨敲鐘，晚上擊鼓結(jié)束一天佛事，也稱功課。

鐘右邊墻嵌有清代佛教居士大鶴山人鄭文焯畫的指畫'豐干像'。豐干和尚是寒山、拾得的師父。但也有人認(rèn)為這幅刻像是寒山。墻上還許多書條石，刻有歷代詩(shī)人詠寒山寺的詩(shī)數(shù)十首。

特別值得一看的是背后正中墻上的寒山、拾得石刻像，為清代揚(yáng)州八怪之一羅聘所畫。他倆'狀如貧子，又似瘋狂'，寒山手指指地，笑口微開，似在講：'吾倆菩薩轉(zhuǎn)世，天機(jī)不可泄漏，你知，我知，天知地知。'拾得則袒胸笑顏，更逗人喜愛。石碑上方刻有詩(shī)篇，其中兩句為：'我若歡顏少煩惱，世間煩惱變歡顏。'全篇內(nèi)容都是勸人變煩惱為歡喜，這樣呢。國(guó)家能歡喜，君臣能歡喜，夫妻合家能歡喜。很有哲理。似乎我們出來旅游就是遵照寒山拾得的意圖辦事，不是都希望旅游愉快嗎?

出大雄寶殿，左通普明寶塔和方丈室，右達(dá)名聞遐邇的聽'夜半鐘聲'的鐘樓，正前方的兩層屋宇是藏經(jīng)樓。遠(yuǎn)望屋頂，可見唐僧、孫悟空等西天取經(jīng)塑像群。

我們先登塔觀光。寒山寺始建時(shí)就有塔，所以名叫妙利普明塔院，后毀于戰(zhàn)火。北宋重建寶塔，元代末年又毀，后近630年來寒山寺無塔，造塔一直是寺僧的心愿。此塔歷時(shí)3年多，于1995年秋建成，1996年10月30日舉行隆重開光典禮。塔為仿唐木結(jié)構(gòu)樓閣式塔，五層，呈正方形，高42.2米，鍍金的銅塔剎重12噸，高9.6米，金山燦爛，塔四周掛有108個(gè)風(fēng)鈴，塔內(nèi)各層都有木梯供信徒和游人登臨。登上寶塔，東望蘇州古城，南看蘇州新區(qū)和大運(yùn)河，可見北面的虎丘山和西面的獅子山，吳中美景幾乎盡收眼底。塔院四周建有回廊，漫涉其間可觀賞古代名人書寫的《楓橋夜泊》詩(shī)碑。

藏經(jīng)樓到了。樓上秘藏珍貴佛經(jīng)。趙樸初先生題寫書名的《蘇州佛教文化》巨著，圖文并茂，其中有兩頁(yè)專門介紹了寒山寺藏經(jīng)樓。樓上佛堂金碧輝煌，佛像莊嚴(yán)，兩旁巨型朱紅漆經(jīng)柜整齊排列，內(nèi)藏許多經(jīng)書和佛教著作。

樓下叫'寒拾殿'，門上方這三個(gè)字的匾額是趙樸初會(huì)長(zhǎng)所寫。這里供奉著狀如和合二仙、真人大小的木質(zhì)全身寒山、拾得雕像，敞襟袒胸，相視面笑，栩栩如生。寒山手持荷花，拾得捧著方棱圓口凈瓶，一'荷'一'瓶'，取其諧音'和''平'，意為和和氣氣，平平安安，百年好合。舊時(shí)舉行婚禮時(shí)，喜堂內(nèi)高掛和合神像，以圖和氣好合的好口彩和好氣氛。也有在家里廳堂內(nèi)常年懸掛的。清代雍正皇帝敕封寒山為'和圣'，拾得為'合圣'。所以和合二仙就是寒山拾得。

寒拾殿后墻的背面立一巨碑，刻著千手千眼觀音、韋馱和關(guān)公等人物，刀法細(xì)膩，形象生動(dòng)。兩壁墻上嵌書條數(shù)十方，上刻《金剛經(jīng)》及詩(shī)詞文章。殿內(nèi)文化藝術(shù)氣氛極濃厚。

著名的鐘樓就在寒拾殿旁，游人常在樓上撞鐘。樓上懸掛的鐵鐘外徑達(dá)120厘米，鑄于清光緒三十二年，即19xx年。1979年12月31日除夕夜，蘇州舉辦首屆除夕寒山寺聽鐘聲活動(dòng)，108聲鐘聲就來自這里。至1998年除夕，已連續(xù)舉辦20屆，年年成功，20個(gè)除夕共有兩萬(wàn)多海內(nèi)外游人來到這座鐘樓下聆聽夜半鐘聲。

是夜，楓橋古鎮(zhèn)燈火輝煌，敲鑼打鼓，黃墻內(nèi)外，宮燈齊明;江村橋畔，鐵鈴關(guān)下，龍舞獅躍，劇曲雜技，各顯神通。茶館書場(chǎng)，各式店鋪，顧客盈門。廟內(nèi)殿堂，點(diǎn)燭焚香，誦經(jīng)拜佛，木魚聲聲，鐘鼓齊鳴，吸引四海游人一睹為快。11點(diǎn)42分10秒，方丈在此鐘樓上敲響第一聲鐘，此時(shí)萬(wàn)籟俱寂，人人心誠(chéng)聽梵音!人們被中華古老文化所傾倒。當(dāng)?shù)?08記鐘聲撞響時(shí)，正好是新年元旦零點(diǎn)，剎那間爆竹聲聲，樂曲鑼鼓齊鳴。蘇州市長(zhǎng)年年在此致新年賀詞，把聽鐘聲活動(dòng)推向了又一個(gè)高潮。寒山寺除夕聽鐘聲活動(dòng)已成為我國(guó)旅游界開拓最早、從未間斷、影響深遠(yuǎn)、效益良好的特殊旅游項(xiàng)目。

那么，寒山寺的夜半鐘聲為何敲108下呢?

首先，這一習(xí)俗在唐代十分盛行。后來，隨著中日文化交流，此風(fēng)俗在日本流傳至今。民間盛傳：人生一年中有108個(gè)煩惱，登寒山寺鐘樓撞鐘，或聆聽鐘聲，便能消除一年的煩惱，逢兇化吉。又說，人一生有108種煩惱，聽了佛寺108下鐘聲就能去掉所有煩惱，年年吉祥如意。

還有一種說法是：一年12個(gè)月，24個(gè)節(jié)氣，72個(gè)候。古代稱五天為一候，按農(nóng)歷360天計(jì)，一年分為72候，把12、24、72相加，得108，既可代表一年，又符合108種煩惱之?dāng)?shù)。因此，若除夕聽鐘聲108聲，既能解除新的一年中煩惱，又能消除人生108種煩惱，真是大吉大利。好，請(qǐng)登樓撞鐘。也請(qǐng)各位除夕夜來聽鐘聲。

寒山寺的碑廊是非看不可的。沿鐘樓下的走廊、小道前行，即達(dá)碑廊、弘法堂和楓江樓庭園。自古至今，寺中《楓橋夜泊》詩(shī)碑到底有幾塊呢?答案是：一詩(shī)六碑千古留芳。

寒山寺的唐朝張繼詩(shī)碑，始于北宋翰林學(xué)士、珣國(guó)公王珪(1019～1085年)，早已失傳。令人欣慰的是，由于蘇州佛教界、文化界的刻意恢復(fù)，四處尋覓王珪墨寶，我國(guó)臺(tái)灣博斯年圖書館無償惠贈(zèng)三千余字的王珪手跡資料--王珪寫的一塊宋碑的拓片。然后，依王珪之原字或字體，蘇州碑刻博物館于1996年重刻了王珪書寫的《楓橋夜泊》詩(shī)碑。現(xiàn)立于塔旁。

第二塊碑為明代詩(shī)、書、畫'三絕'的巨匠文征明所寫，因寺失火，已成殘碑，雖剩下不到十字，但筆跡流暢秀勁?，F(xiàn)展示于碑廊墻內(nèi)。

第三塊碑保存完好，為清代俞樾所書，碑之拓片流傳甚廣，極為公眾稱頌。陳列在碑廊。

第四塊碑為民國(guó)年間的國(guó)史館館長(zhǎng)、與張繼同名同姓的河北滄州人張繼所書，不幸的是他于1947年12月14日書寫，第二天便猝然逝世。這塊堪稱絕筆的詩(shī)碑保存較好，近年才陳列在普明塔院內(nèi)。這位滄州張繼先生手書的《楓橋夜泊》詩(shī)原件，保存在臺(tái)灣中國(guó)國(guó)民黨中央史館。海峽兩岸汪辜會(huì)談時(shí)，話及情誼，多次提及這一墨跡，成為佳話。真是：古今兩張繼，往事越干年，同贊寒山寺，游人皆稱奇。

第五塊碑，就是1993年刻成，立在寒山別院內(nèi)松亭中的李大釗先生寫的詩(shī)碑。剛才我們已先睹為快。

第六塊碑立在碑廊墻內(nèi)，為大畫家劉海粟86歲時(shí)所寫，1995年春揭幕，也是盛事一樁。

《楓橋夜泊》詩(shī)碑千年來均出自名人之手，是寒山寺悠久文化歷史的反映，加上佛教文化，說明文化是它名揚(yáng)天下的根本。至此，可以這樣說：詩(shī)碑書法異彩紛呈，四海游人大飽眼福。

碑廊內(nèi)與俞樾手書的碑相對(duì)而立的是康有為1920年在寒山寺題詩(shī)之碑，詩(shī)曰：'鐘聲已渡海云東，冷盡寒山古寺風(fēng);勿使豐干又饒舌，化人再到不空空。'康有為曾感慨于古鐘流失到日本，他風(fēng)趣地說：也怪豐干和尚多嘴多舌，向浙江臺(tái)州太守閻邱點(diǎn)破了寒山拾得是文殊普賢兩菩薩化身的天機(jī)。若不泄露天機(jī)，再有轉(zhuǎn)世者到來，寺內(nèi)就不會(huì)空空地連古鐘也保不住了。

碑廊內(nèi)還陳列著明唐寅的《化鐘疏》碑、民族英雄岳飛的'還我河山'等題詞。岳飛被十二道金牌從前線召回，路過楓橋，宿寺中時(shí)留此墨寶，表現(xiàn)了他誓抗金兵收復(fù)失土的決心。

碑廊斜對(duì)面是弘法堂，里面供著三尊銅像。正中為唐代高僧玄奘。玄奘于公元629年去西天取經(jīng)，645年返長(zhǎng)安，譯大量佛經(jīng)，還寫了《大唐西域記》一書，一直是佛教界的泰斗。小說《西游記》中，他作為孫悟空的師父出現(xiàn)，成為婦孺皆知的人物。

右側(cè)供奉的是另一位唐代高僧鑒真，他五次東渡失敗，第六次在雙目失明的情況下，于公元753年從蘇州張家港黃泗浦啟航，再次吃盡千辛萬(wàn)苦，成功抵達(dá)日本，傳播佛教、建筑、雕塑、農(nóng)業(yè)、文學(xué)、醫(yī)藥、書法等知識(shí)和技術(shù)，被譽(yù)為日本律宗始祖。公元763年，76歲的鑒真在奈良唐招提寺病逝。鑒真貢獻(xiàn)卓越，被尊為 '盲圣'，也是弘揚(yáng)佛教先驅(qū)之一。

鑒真像對(duì)面供奉的是日本高僧空海。公元804元，他隨日本遣唐使來華，陰歷十一月廿二日抵蘇州，廿三日乘船到楓橋參拜寒山寺，最后到達(dá)唐京城長(zhǎng)安學(xué)習(xí)佛學(xué)、詩(shī)文、繪畫等，三年后回國(guó)成為日本真言宗密教創(chuàng)始人，被譽(yù)為'日本的鑒真大師'。852年去世，日本天皇追賜'弘法大師'謚號(hào)。

講解到此結(jié)束。愿寒山寺的悠久文化歷史、迷人的鐘聲傳播友情，給各位帶來福音。謝謝大家。

第12篇 是湖北三峽大壩旅游景點(diǎn)的導(dǎo)游詞

下面是湖北三峽大壩旅游景點(diǎn)的導(dǎo)游詞，歡迎閱讀!

各位朋友，我們今天參觀舉世文明的長(zhǎng)江三峽水利樞紐工程，既我們通常簡(jiǎn)稱的三峽大壩。三峽大壩位于長(zhǎng)江三峽西陵峽中段，湖北省宜昌市境內(nèi)的三斗坪。古往今來，地球上發(fā)生頻率最高，危害最大的自然災(zāi)害莫過于洪水。

人類與洪水抗掙的歷史久遠(yuǎn)，并在抗掙中催生了人類的早期文明。華夏民族尤重治水，且在治水中表現(xiàn)了無與倫比的膽量和智慧。治水者名垂千古，水利工程福澤萬(wàn)代，古代大禹和李冰父子及古都江堰工程就是很好的例證。世界第三長(zhǎng)河長(zhǎng)江，源于世界屋脊，上經(jīng)天府之國(guó)，中貫魚米之鄉(xiāng)，下串人間天堂，給兩岸以灌溉之利和舟楫之便。然而，它一旦暴怒，便為浩劫，沃野成為澤國(guó)，民眾或?yàn)轸~鱉，是中華民族一大心腹之患。尤其在險(xiǎn)段荊江，每至汛期，千余萬(wàn)人頭枕懸河，夜不成寐。所以，解決長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)，特別昌荊江河段的防洪問題是興建三峽工程的首要出發(fā)點(diǎn)。

1942年4月3日，全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第七屆五次會(huì)議(即七屆全國(guó)人大第五次會(huì)議)通過了《關(guān)于興建長(zhǎng)江三峽工程的決議》，自此，中國(guó)歷史上最大的水利工程進(jìn)入具體實(shí)施階段。1994年12月14日，時(shí)任國(guó)務(wù)院總理的李鵬向全世界正式宣布三峽工程開工。三峽大壩為鋼筋混凝土重力壩，全長(zhǎng)2335 米，壩頂高185米，正常蓄水位175米，總庫(kù)容393億立方米，防洪庫(kù)容221、5億立方米，相當(dāng)于4個(gè)分洪區(qū)的庫(kù)容。電站裝機(jī)26臺(tái)，單機(jī)熱量70萬(wàn)千瓦，總?cè)萘?820萬(wàn)千瓦，年均發(fā)電量847億千瓦時(shí)。電廠一年上交的利稅可以建一座葛洲壩樞紐工程。大壩通航建筑物年單向一級(jí)垂直升船機(jī)可快速通過 3000噸級(jí)客貨輪。三峽大壩建成后形成的三峽水庫(kù)將淹沒陸地面積632平方公里，范圍涉及湖北的四個(gè)縣，重慶市的16個(gè)縣市區(qū)，共計(jì)20個(gè)縣(市、區(qū))。須遷移的總?cè)丝趯⑦_(dá)113、18萬(wàn)人，稱為百萬(wàn)大移民，任務(wù)十分繁重。

長(zhǎng)江三峽工程采用一級(jí)開發(fā)、一次建成、分期蓄水、連續(xù)移民的方案。主體工程總工期17年，分3個(gè)階段進(jìn)行，一期工程5年，二期工程和三期工程均為6年。1997年實(shí)現(xiàn)大江截流，2003年啟用永久通航建筑物和首批機(jī)組發(fā)電，2009年工程竣工。大家或許會(huì)問：如此宏偉的工程需要多資金投入呢?這么多錢又是如何去籌集呢?1993年7月，國(guó)務(wù)院三峽工程建設(shè)委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)的樞紐工程概算為500、9億元(按1993年5月末價(jià)格水平)，庫(kù)區(qū)移民安置概算400億元，兩項(xiàng)合計(jì)，三峽工程按1993年5月末水平的靜態(tài)投資總額為900、9億元?；I集這些資金有以下主要途徑：

一、三峽工程建設(shè)基金。全國(guó)除西藏自治區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)排灌用電外，每度電征收厘錢;從1996年起，直接受益地區(qū)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)每度電加征到7厘錢，其余地區(qū)仍征收4厘。由此看來，我們每個(gè)人都對(duì)三峽工程建設(shè)作出了貢獻(xiàn)。

二、葛洲壩水電站利潤(rùn)，在每度電上網(wǎng)價(jià)格4、2分的基礎(chǔ)上，從1993年起每度電提升1分，到1996年提高到8、2分后不再提高。

三、三峽水電站利潤(rùn)，2003年首批機(jī)組發(fā)電所得到的利潤(rùn)。此外，還需要從國(guó)家開發(fā)銀行貸款、國(guó)外商業(yè)借貸、發(fā)行債券、用賣方出口信貸等方式籌集資金。那么，興建長(zhǎng)江三峽工程究竟有哪些好處呢?概括起來有以下幾個(gè)方面：

一、防洪。前面已講過，防洪是興建三峽工程的首要出發(fā)點(diǎn)。三峽工程正常蓄水位175米，有防洪庫(kù)容221、5億立方米，防洪效率十分顯著，可使荊江河段防洪標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從十年一遇提高到百年一遇;若配合運(yùn)用荊江分洪工程和其他分、蓄洪區(qū)，可將防洪標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到千年一遇，基本上可消除洪澇災(zāi)害的影響。調(diào)查資料顯示，三峽工程平均每年的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)效益為25億元。若遇1870年那樣的特大洪水時(shí)，經(jīng)三峽工程調(diào)節(jié)可產(chǎn)生的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)效益為：可減少農(nóng)村淹沒損失510 億元，減少城鎮(zhèn)淹沒損失240億元，減少江漢油田淹沒損失9億元，以上各項(xiàng)合計(jì)達(dá)769億元。此外還可避免大堤、垸堤潰決而造成的大量人口傷亡;避免洪水對(duì)武漢市的嚴(yán)重威脅，避免京廣、漢丹等鐵路干縣中斷或不能正常運(yùn)行;避免災(zāi)區(qū)疾病流行，傳染病蔓延;避免洪災(zāi)帶來的饑荒、救災(zāi)、災(zāi)民安置等一系列社會(huì)問題，這些效益是很難用經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)來具體表示的。

二、發(fā)電。長(zhǎng)江滾滾向東流，流的都是煤和油。流經(jīng)長(zhǎng)江三峽的江水，如不加以利用，就相當(dāng)于每年有5000萬(wàn)噸原煤或2500萬(wàn)噸原油白白流入了大海。三峽水電站建成后，無論是裝機(jī)容量還是年平均發(fā)電量，在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)都將是世界上第一大水電站。其裝機(jī)總?cè)萘窟_(dá)1820萬(wàn)千瓦，平均年發(fā)電量達(dá)到 847億度，相當(dāng)于我國(guó)1992年全年發(fā)電量的七分之一，每年信電收入達(dá)181億元，除在幾年時(shí)間內(nèi)還清貸款本息外，還可成為國(guó)家繳納利稅的大戶。

三、巨大的環(huán)境效益。與燃煤發(fā)電相比，每年可少排放1億噸氮氧化合物，以及大量灰塵、廢渣，將減輕環(huán)境污染和因有害氣體的排放而引起的酸雨等危害。同時(shí)，三峽工程還可以使長(zhǎng)江中下游枯水季節(jié)的流量顯著增大，有利于珍稀動(dòng)物白鰭豚和其他魚類安全越冬，減免因水淺而發(fā)生的意外死亡事故，還有利于減少長(zhǎng)江口鹽水上溯長(zhǎng)度和入侵時(shí)間。有此可見，三峽工程的環(huán)境效益是巨大的。

四、航運(yùn)。三峽水庫(kù)將改善航運(yùn)里程660公里，使萬(wàn)噸級(jí)船隊(duì)可以從重慶直達(dá)漢口。經(jīng)三峽水庫(kù)調(diào)節(jié)，每年枯水季節(jié)可使中游航道水深平均約增加0、5米，保證3萬(wàn)噸級(jí)船隊(duì)的通行。然而，世上的任何事物都具有兩面性，興建三峽工程也有其不利因素，主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：

第一，三峽工程對(duì)水生珍稀動(dòng)物的影響。

(一)對(duì)白鰭豚的影響。白鰭豚為國(guó)家一級(jí)保護(hù)動(dòng)物，為我國(guó)特有珍稀水生哺乳動(dòng)物，有水中熊貓之稱，已被列入世界瀕危物種名錄中。分布在長(zhǎng)江中下游干流的湖北枝城到長(zhǎng)江口約1600公里的江段內(nèi)。總頭數(shù)已下降到200頭左右，其中50%分布在湖北石首縣至武漢江段。三峽工程建成后，中上游段航運(yùn)事業(yè)將發(fā)達(dá)起來，輪船密度增大，白鰭豚被輪船螺旋槳擊斃事件將會(huì)增加;白鰭豚的分布范圍將縮短200公里。為保護(hù)白鰭豚，政府?dāng)M建立嚴(yán)格管理、設(shè)備先進(jìn)的自然保護(hù)區(qū)。

(二)對(duì)中華鱘的影響。中華鱘也是國(guó)家一級(jí)保護(hù)動(dòng)物，是一種大型洄游魚類;是一億四千萬(wàn)年前和恐龍同時(shí)代的生物，素有活化石之稱，最大可達(dá) 500公斤以上。中華鱘主要生活在海區(qū)，只是到性腺發(fā)育成熟后即從東每進(jìn)入長(zhǎng)江口，一直上溯到金沙江下游交尾產(chǎn)卵，然后再游回大海。葛洲壩工程1981年 1月大江截流后，阻斷了中華鱘的洄游路線。國(guó)家為了保護(hù)中華鱘物種，除明令禁止商業(yè)性捕撈外，還在宜昌建立了中華鱘人工繁殖研究所，1983年人工繁殖成攻，并將幼鱘放流入長(zhǎng)江中。1985年又研究成攻采用人工合成激素代替雄鱘腦垂體給雌鱘催產(chǎn)。自1984年至1987年，共放流入長(zhǎng)江的幼鱘達(dá)77萬(wàn)尾。三峽工程位于葛洲壩上游，不再存在阻隔中華鱘洄游路線問題。但三峽工程在每年10月份開始蓄水將使下游泄流量比天然流量有所減少，這就有可能干擾中華鱘在葛洲壩工程下游的棲息和產(chǎn)卵活動(dòng)。此外，三峽工程還將對(duì)其他的動(dòng)物和庫(kù)區(qū)氣候產(chǎn)生不同程度的影響。

第二，三峽工程對(duì)三峽地區(qū)名勝古跡和自然風(fēng)光的影響。

這也是包括在座的所有旅游者所關(guān)心的問題。大家都很擔(dān)心：大壩建好蓄水后，三峽那雄偉秀麗的自然風(fēng)光會(huì)不會(huì)被淹沒呢?是不是就要告別三峽 呢?其實(shí)不然，三峽工程位于西陵峽的中上段，三峽工程實(shí)際上只影響兩個(gè)半峽，即瞿塘峽、巫峽和西陵峽的上半段。而三峽兩岸的山峰峰頂海拔高度都在1000 米~1500米，神女峰上秀麗婀娜的神女的海拔高度為922米，而江面寬僅150米~200米。

三峽水庫(kù)蓄水后，即使在冬季枯水季節(jié)蓄水水位升高難70米~80米，水位最高也不會(huì)超過175米海拔高程，三峽的峽谷感絲毫不會(huì)減弱，游客仍要引頸仰視，才能一睹神女峰的風(fēng)采。瞿塘峽雄偉險(xiǎn)峻、巫峽幽深秀麗的自然風(fēng)光依然存在。但有些景觀如粉壁墻、孟良梯、古棧道以及涪陵白鶴梁石刻群和云陽(yáng)張飛廟等將被淹沒，國(guó)家將組織有關(guān)專家將它們照原樣或移刻在175米高程以上，或建水下石刻博物館、或整體搬遷等方法加以保護(hù)，仍可供游人觀賞。

綜上所述，三峽水庫(kù)蓄水后，瞿塘雄、巫峽幽、西陵秀的自然風(fēng)光總格局不會(huì)改變，雄偉壯麗的三峽仍然會(huì)以迷人的風(fēng)采使游人流連忘返。隨著三峽工程的興建，庫(kù)區(qū)旅游資源的開發(fā)，三峽江段庫(kù)區(qū)兩岸幽谷深澗中的一批新景觀將相繼出現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在有些交通不便的奇山秀水，那時(shí)可乘坐游艇前去游覽。三峽水利樞紐建成后，它那多種現(xiàn)代化的巨型建筑物，大壩泄流時(shí)形成的氣勢(shì)磅礴的人工瀑布，必將成為三峽旅游線上游人必看的宏偉景觀。

好了，各位嘉賓，宏偉的三峽工程建筑工地就要到了，我將帶大家登上整個(gè)壩區(qū)的最高點(diǎn)壇子嶺，讓大家和我一起去感受一番那氣勢(shì)恢宏、熱火朝天的建筑場(chǎng)面吧!謝謝大家!

第13篇 北京天安門旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

各位游客朋友：

我們我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)來到了天安門廣場(chǎng)。大家可以看一下，我們現(xiàn)在的位置是在天安門廣場(chǎng)南北方向的中軸線上，距我們南面的人民英雄紀(jì)念碑大約有100米左右的距離。 我們今天在天安門廣場(chǎng)游覽的時(shí)間是30分鐘。

好好好，大家向我這里聚一下，我先給大家簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下天安門廣場(chǎng)的主要景觀。 (手勢(shì)，向北指)大家先向這邊看。(稍停頓，待游客目光集中于手指方向)我愛北京天安門。一會(huì)兒，我會(huì)向大家詳細(xì)介紹天安門的的滄桑歷史。除了天安門城樓外，我還要向您介紹天安門前的金水橋、以及橋前的華表和石獅。 大家回一下頭，您看到了，這就是莊嚴(yán)挺拔的人民英雄紀(jì)念碑了，隨后我也將向您講一講她的故事。紀(jì)念碑南邊的建筑就是“毛主席紀(jì)念堂”，我們今天的行程沒有安排大家瞻仰毛主席遺容，如果您有意去的話，可以告訴我，我會(huì)盡量滿足您的愿望。 天安門廣場(chǎng)東側(cè)的建筑是中國(guó)革命歷史博物館，這里陳列了大量珍貴的革命歷史文物。和她相對(duì)著的，(手勢(shì)，向西指)西邊的這座建筑，就是非常著名的“人民大會(huì)堂”。關(guān)于她，一會(huì)兒我也會(huì)向您做詳細(xì)介紹。

好，大家現(xiàn)在可以在廣場(chǎng)上拍照留念。拍照前我給大家提個(gè)醒，大家盡量避免站在這條中軸線上拍照，旗桿可能會(huì)影響您的拍攝效果。另外，大家如果在紀(jì)念碑前拍照的話，建議您到紀(jì)念碑的那一側(cè)去拍，在這邊是逆光，會(huì)影響照片的效果。給大家10分鐘時(shí)間，拍完照請(qǐng)到這里集合，我在這里等大家。

好了，下面我首先為大家介紹一下天安門城樓。 天安門原為明清兩代皇城的正門，始建于明永樂十五年(1417)，最初叫做承天門，取“承天啟運(yùn)，受命于天”之意。清順治八年(1651年)重修而改名天安門，含“受命于天”和“安邦治民”的意思。至今已有580多年的歷史了，是全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。 天安門城樓，建筑在巨大條石砌成的須彌座式城臺(tái)上，造型莊重渾厚，宏偉典雅，是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)建筑藝術(shù)的典型代表作之一。城樓通高34.7米。城臺(tái)上的大殿寬九楹(62.77米)，進(jìn)深五楹(27.25米)，象征封建帝王的“xx''至尊。大殿為重檐歇山式，朱墻黃琉璃瓦頂。南面設(shè)有菱花隔扇門、窗36扇，殿內(nèi)外立有直徑2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等處、均繪滿了最高等級(jí)的金龍和璽彩畫，金碧輝煌，極為雄偉壯觀。

1988年的元旦，天安門城樓正式對(duì)外向游客開放。 在天安門高大的暗紅城墻中辟有五個(gè)券洞門，明清時(shí)代，這里的門、橋行走規(guī)制森嚴(yán)，中門為皇帝進(jìn)出專用?；实勖磕甓镣靿捞?，夏至去地壇祭地，孟春赴先農(nóng)壇耕籍田，都要出入天安門。那么，在當(dāng)時(shí)，是不是只有皇帝一人才能進(jìn)出中門呢?這位朋友答的對(duì)，不是。大家知道還有什么人可以走這里嗎?(稍做停頓)讓我來告訴大家。此外，皇帝的父母可從中門入宮;皇帝大婚，皇后可從中門進(jìn)入一次;新科狀元等“金殿傳臚”后，可從中門出宮一回。除此之外，嚴(yán)禁任何人進(jìn)出，否則是要治重罪的。中門左右的兩座旁門，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。過去天安門是座只進(jìn)喜，不出喪的吉祥之門。

天安門的設(shè)計(jì)者是蒯祥。蒯祥是江蘇吳縣人，明初洪武年間生于木匠家庭，他的父親是一位有名望的木工師傅，能主建大型工程。蒯祥受父親影響，從小學(xué)藝，勤奮好學(xué)，聰慧過人，三十來歲時(shí)，已成為才華出眾的木工匠師了。燕王朱棣，也就是后來的永樂皇帝，經(jīng)“靖難之役”取得帝位后，決定從南京遷都北京。永樂四年至十八年(1406-1420)，明成祖朱棣調(diào)集全國(guó)各地的能工巧匠前來北京營(yíng)建工程巨大、難度極高的天安門(初名承天門)等宏偉建筑。蒯祥以高超的設(shè)計(jì)方案和精湛的建筑技藝，被推選為皇宮工程的建筑設(shè)計(jì)師。當(dāng)時(shí)人們尊稱他為“蒯魯班”。蒯祥曾擔(dān)任建筑皇家宮殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官職，為中國(guó)的民族建筑藝術(shù)創(chuàng)下了光輝的業(yè)績(jī)。

天安門是明清兩朝歷代帝王“金鳳頒詔”的重地，凡遇國(guó)家慶典、新帝即位、皇帝結(jié)婚、冊(cè)立皇后，都需要在此舉行“頒詔”儀式。屆時(shí)于城樓大殿前正中設(shè)立宣詔臺(tái)。由禮部尚書在紫禁城太和殿奉接皇帝詔書，蓋上御寶，把詔書敬放在云盤內(nèi)，捧出太和門，置于抬著的龍亭內(nèi)，再出午門，登上天安門城樓。然后將詔書恭放于宣詔臺(tái)上，由宣詔官進(jìn)行宣讀。文武百官按等級(jí)依次排列于金水橋南，面北而跪恭聽。宣詔完畢，就把皇帝詔書銜放在一只木雕金鳳的嘴里，再用黃絨繩從上系下，禮部官員托著朵云盤在下跪接，接著用龍亭將詔書抬到禮部，經(jīng)黃紙謄寫，分送各地，布告天下。這種頒發(fā)封建帝王圣旨禮儀的全過程，就叫做“金鳳頒詔”。

我國(guó)古代有“人生四喜”的說法，也就是“久旱逢甘霖，他鄉(xiāng)遇故知，洞房花燭夜，金榜題名時(shí)”?，F(xiàn)在，問大家一個(gè)有意思的問題，哪位朋友知道，金榜題名的金榜張貼在什么地方?(稍停，待游客猜測(cè))到底在哪里呢?請(qǐng)聽我下文分解。 明清時(shí)代盛行科舉制度，每逢殿試后的第三天，新考中的進(jìn)士們恭立于天安門金水橋南，等候傳呼他們進(jìn)太和殿朝拜皇帝的禮儀，名叫“金殿傳臚”。當(dāng)在太和殿傳臚唱名后，禮部官員捧著皇帝欽定的“黃榜”，帶領(lǐng)新科狀元、榜眼、探花們出午門，再將黃榜放在龍亭內(nèi)，在鼓樂儀仗的簇?fù)硐绿С鎏彀查T，將黃榜張貼于“龍門”，也就是當(dāng)時(shí)的長(zhǎng)安左門外的“龍棚”里，公布天下，這里就是張貼金榜的地方，長(zhǎng)安左門的位置大致是現(xiàn)在的勞動(dòng)人民文化宮門前東南側(cè)。 天安門歷經(jīng)滄桑，在新中國(guó)成立后，更煥發(fā)出了耀人的光彩。1949年的10月1日，毛澤東主席在天安門城樓上向全世界宣布了社會(huì)主義新中國(guó)的誕生，天安門不再是至高無上的封建皇權(quán)的象征，而成為了一個(gè)新生的人民民主國(guó)家的標(biāo)志，在國(guó)徽?qǐng)D案的中央，我們可以看到這座莊嚴(yán)雄偉的建筑。建國(guó)以后，這里成為國(guó)家舉行重大慶典活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所，特別是每逢國(guó)慶，黨和國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都要登上天安門城樓主持慶典并和各界群眾聯(lián)歡。

天安門前的金水河又稱御河、外金水河。河上橫跨七座石橋，中橋正對(duì)天安門的中門，叫御路橋，最寬大，雕龍修飾，供帝、后專用。兩旁橋名“王公橋”，為宗室王公行走。外側(cè)的兩橋稱“品級(jí)橋”，供三品以上官員通行。以上五橋均為三孔。位于太廟(今勞動(dòng)人民文化宮)和社稷壇(今中山公園)門前的單孔石橋，叫“公生橋”，為四品以下官員過往。那時(shí)門、橋行走等級(jí)森嚴(yán)，不得有絲毫觸犯。

好好天安門前，也是明清兩代進(jìn)行“秋審”和“朝審”的地方。封建王朝的最高執(zhí)法機(jī)關(guān)--刑部衙門，每年五月要把全國(guó)各省被判死刑的囚犯名單匯集起來，敬呈皇帝過目。八月中旬，皇帝詔令有關(guān)官員在天安門前進(jìn)行最后判決，這叫秋審。朝審則在霜降后舉行，主要終審在北京刑部監(jiān)獄里關(guān)押的死刑犯。這就是為什么以前被判處死刑的人要“秋后問斬”。凡經(jīng)“秋審”、“朝審”判處死刑的人，立即推出“虎門”--長(zhǎng)安右門，押赴宣武門外的菜市口等刑場(chǎng)處決。因此人們對(duì)長(zhǎng)安左、右門，有“龍門”與虎門之稱。即凡出“龍門”者，榮登金榜，前程似錦;而押出“虎門”者，則被終判死罪，毫無生還之望。長(zhǎng)安右門的位置大致是在現(xiàn)中山公園門前西南側(cè)。

在天安門南北門外，分別聳立有一對(duì)雕刻精美、挺拔秀麗的云龍華表。據(jù)《淮南子·主術(shù)訓(xùn)》記載，遠(yuǎn)在堯舜時(shí)代就有街頭設(shè)“表木”的做法，用以王者“納諫”，征求民眾意見以治天下。到秦漢時(shí)期，表木被改為指路標(biāo)，叫華表。后來華表經(jīng)不斷美化，便逐漸演變成為中國(guó)獨(dú)具民族建筑特色的藝術(shù)裝飾品，深為世人所青睞。 “犼”系神話傳說中的神異物，用漢白玉石雕成蹲于每支華表頂端的承露盤中，雙目炯炯有神，密切注視前方。于天安門里的“犼”臉朝北，雙目緊盯皇宮，名“望君出”，它提醒皇帝不要迷戀深宮生活，而應(yīng)及時(shí)出宮巡視，以利治理天下。在天安門外一對(duì)華表的“犼”則臉朝南，雙目向遠(yuǎn)方眺望，名“望君歸”。它時(shí)時(shí)關(guān)注皇帝外巡中的行為舉止，如不檢點(diǎn)或時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了，“望君歸”就呼喚帝王不得沉米山水、野趣、而應(yīng)早日回宮，料理國(guó)家大事。

天安門金水橋前的這一對(duì)大石獅，雕工精絕，造型逼真，威武異常。它們的雙目都緊緊注視著天安門前正中的御道(中軸線)，以體現(xiàn)它們是封建帝王忠實(shí)的衛(wèi)士身份。 朋友們來看西邊的這一只石獅，它的肚皮上有一個(gè)深深的洞，這是怎么回事呢?這里有一個(gè)很有傳奇色彩的故事，據(jù)說明代崇禎十七年(1644年)四月，農(nóng)民起義軍首領(lǐng)闖王李自成攻打北京時(shí)，當(dāng)他率軍沖進(jìn)天安門前的“t”形廣場(chǎng)后，只見皇城的大門--“承天門”就在眼前。對(duì)此，他憤怒地拈弓搭箭，只聽“嗖…”的一聲，正射中承天門匾額的“天”字，頓時(shí)眾軍喝彩，歡聲雷動(dòng)，隨后李闖王收起硬弓，挺槍躍馬一直奔金水橋沖殺過去。突然，橋頭的兩只大石獅張牙舞爪，兇猛阻擋去路。闖王見此怒不可遏，挺槍刺去，即刻火花四濺，長(zhǎng)槍戳向了一只獅子的腹部。雙獅見勢(shì)不妙，拖著悲慘的哀鳴聲，各自退回了原位?，F(xiàn)在的這個(gè)洞，就是槍傷疤了。

朋友們，我們面前的這條街就是有“神州第一街”美譽(yù)的長(zhǎng)安街。 長(zhǎng)安街，當(dāng)年從長(zhǎng)安左門至東單牌樓，名東長(zhǎng)安街;從長(zhǎng)安右門至西單牌樓，叫西長(zhǎng)安街。古時(shí)東西長(zhǎng)安街僅3.7公里，有十里長(zhǎng)街之稱，這是京城歷史上有名的“天街”，其名取自盛唐時(shí)代的大都城--“長(zhǎng)安”，含長(zhǎng)治久安的之意。 長(zhǎng)安街修筑于明朝永樂四年至十八年(1406-1420)，與皇城同時(shí)建造，是明代興建北京城總體規(guī)劃的重要組成部分之一。東西平行走向的長(zhǎng)安街，與縱橫南北八公里長(zhǎng)的御道中軸線，在天安門前正好垂直相交成準(zhǔn)確的“十”字型經(jīng)緯座標(biāo)中心點(diǎn)，從而構(gòu)成了北京城座北朝南，街巷縱橫的總體布局。 原東、西長(zhǎng)安左、右門前分別均豎有巨型下馬碑，上刻“官員人等，到此下馬。”古代皇宮內(nèi)是嚴(yán)禁騎馬的，除非是“金殿傳臚”時(shí)的新科狀元，可騎皇帝御賜的高頭大馬，在長(zhǎng)安街上走過，以示“皇恩浩蕩”。

清王朝滅亡后，內(nèi)城墻中東西兩側(cè)的建國(guó)門與復(fù)興門在民國(guó)二十九年(1940)被打開的。 新中國(guó)成立以后，街面被展寬為50-100米，東西長(zhǎng)安街的延伸線東達(dá)通州，西抵石景山，總長(zhǎng)50公里，有百里長(zhǎng)街的美稱。 大家現(xiàn)在隨我通過地下通道去天安門廣場(chǎng)，上下臺(tái)階時(shí)請(qǐng)您注意安全。

(天安門廣場(chǎng))

我們現(xiàn)在處的這個(gè)位置是天安門廣場(chǎng)，位于北京城的中心。其南北長(zhǎng)880米，東西寬500米，占地面積44萬(wàn)平方米。可容納100萬(wàn)人舉行盛大的集會(huì)、游行，是當(dāng)今世界上最宏大的城市中心廣場(chǎng)和最著名的旅游勝地之一。 在明清時(shí)代，天安門廣場(chǎng)是一處皇家禁地，由宮墻圍護(hù)，僅設(shè)三門。即南有大明門(清朝改稱大清門，辛亥革命后叫中華門)、東有長(zhǎng)安左門、西有長(zhǎng)安右門。三門之間形成一個(gè)封閉式的“t”字形宮廷廣場(chǎng)，原是天安門前舉行皇家活動(dòng)的重要場(chǎng)所。 在“t”形廣場(chǎng)的東、西、南三面，當(dāng)時(shí)建有通脊聯(lián)檐的朝房144間，名叫“千步廊”，以供場(chǎng)內(nèi)活動(dòng)之用。清代乾隆年間，又在東、西長(zhǎng)安左、右門外加筑“三座門”，嚴(yán)禁行人過往。那時(shí)人們來往于東城和西城之間，需要繞行于大清門以南或地安門以北，極為不便。 在天安門“t”形廣場(chǎng)東、西千步廊外的大片地帶，原是明清兩代皇家最高官署衙門的集結(jié)之地。如：東側(cè)(今歷史博物館一帶)有禮部、戶部、吏部、工部、兵部、宗人府、鴻臚寺、欽天監(jiān)和太醫(yī)院等中央文職機(jī)關(guān)。西側(cè)(人民大會(huì)堂一帶)設(shè)有鑾儀衛(wèi)(御林軍)太常寺、通政司和前、中、后、左、右五軍都督府等武職機(jī)構(gòu)。過去有“文東武西”和“東掌生、西掌死”之說，指的就是這些關(guān)系到人們生死榮辱的封建王朝的最高權(quán)力衙門而言。 明清兩朝，從天安門“t”形廣場(chǎng)南端的大明門(清時(shí)叫大清門，今毛主席紀(jì)念堂一帶)至正陽(yáng)門之間，有一塊方形場(chǎng)地，宛如棋盤，故有“棋盤街”之名。當(dāng)年人們喜愛在此販賣風(fēng)味小吃、小百貨，以及表演戲曲、雜耍等，情似廟會(huì)，非常熱鬧。由于這里位置顯要、威嚴(yán)，人們能在此經(jīng)商、娛樂，的確非同一般，所以又有“小天街”的美稱。 新中國(guó)成立后，過去的千步廊和長(zhǎng)安左、右門等均被拆除，幾經(jīng)擴(kuò)展修建，從而造就了當(dāng)今天安門廣場(chǎng)的非凡新姿。 為喜迎建國(guó)50周年的大慶典，天安門廣場(chǎng)被整修一新。地面全部用平整漂亮的花崗巖條石鋪砌，東西兩側(cè)各辟有一塊4800平方米的大草坪。廣場(chǎng)中的各式華燈及四周的高大建筑物等，均已進(jìn)行大修飾。 1999年10月1日，天安門廣場(chǎng)舉行了新中國(guó)50華誕的盛大慶典，xxxx在天安門城樓上發(fā)表了重要講話，并檢閱了盛況空前的閱兵式和群眾大游行。晚上，廣場(chǎng)中禮花怒放，歌舞飛揚(yáng)，人們沉浸在無比幸福歡樂的海洋之中! 請(qǐng)看在廣場(chǎng)北端雄踞的天安門城樓。天安門前高高飄揚(yáng)的五星紅旗。巍峨的人民英雄紀(jì)念碑。莊嚴(yán)肅穆的毛主席紀(jì)念堂，高大典雅的正陽(yáng)門城樓與箭樓(俗稱大前門)。這些宏偉的古今建筑群，自北而南座落在一條中軸線上，十分矚目。再加上廣場(chǎng)西側(cè)的人民大會(huì)堂，東側(cè)的中國(guó)革命歷史博物館的有力襯托，整個(gè)廣場(chǎng)構(gòu)成了一幅氣勢(shì)磅礴，無比壯觀的動(dòng)人畫卷。雄偉的天安門廣場(chǎng)是中華民族的光輝標(biāo)志，是新中國(guó)振興騰飛的象征。由于這里政治地位顯赫，歷史文化內(nèi)涵極其豐富多彩，所以舉世聞名，萬(wàn)眾向往。每天都有無數(shù)中外游人前來這里觀光游覽、攝影留念和觀瞻每日早、晚的升、降國(guó)旗儀式，整個(gè)廣場(chǎng)呈現(xiàn)一派祥和、幸福的美好景象。

(人民英雄紀(jì)念碑)

人民英雄紀(jì)念碑是在1949年9月30日召開的中國(guó)人民政治協(xié)商會(huì)議第一屆全體會(huì)議上決定興建的。1952年8月1日動(dòng)工，1958年5月1日揭幕。來中國(guó)訪問的外國(guó)元首，常在此敬獻(xiàn)花圈。 這是一座為中國(guó)之最的紀(jì)念碑，碑身高37.94米，碑座占地3000平方米。須彌座式的雙層月臺(tái)，用漢白玉石雕欄環(huán)繞。碑心石長(zhǎng)14.7米，寬2.9米，厚1米，重60噸，是用產(chǎn)自青島嶗山的整塊紫灰色花崗石雕成。碑頂為民族建筑風(fēng)格的 頂式，顯得十分莊嚴(yán)穩(wěn)重，挺拔壯麗。 碑身正面鐫刻有毛主席題寫的“人民英雄永垂不朽”八個(gè)鎦金大字。碑背面是由毛澤東主席撰文，周恩來總理書寫的碑文：“三年以來在人民解放軍戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和人民革命中犧牲的人民英雄們永垂不朽 三十年以來人民解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和人民革命中犧牲的人民英雄們永垂不朽 由此上溯到一千八百四十年從那時(shí)起為了反對(duì)內(nèi)外敵人爭(zhēng)取民族獨(dú)立和人民自由幸福在歷次斗爭(zhēng)中犧牲的人民英雄們永垂不朽”碑座四周鑲嵌有8幅漢白玉石大浮雕。從東面起按歷史順序排列為：“虎門銷煙”、“金田起義”、“武昌起義”、“五四運(yùn)動(dòng)”、“五卅運(yùn)動(dòng)”、“南昌起義”、“抗日游擊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”和“勝利渡長(zhǎng)江”。最后一塊的兩旁，裝飾有兩幅浮雕，即“支援前線”和“歡迎人民解放軍”。每塊浮雕高2米，總長(zhǎng)40.68米，人物170個(gè)，生動(dòng)概括地反映了中國(guó)近百年來人民革命的偉大史實(shí)，表彰了人民英雄們千古不朽的光輝業(yè)績(jī)。

(人民大會(huì)堂)

我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)來到了人民大會(huì)堂，這里是全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)舉行會(huì)議共商國(guó)事的重地，黨和國(guó)家及人民群眾重要的政治、文化活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所。 人民大會(huì)堂建于1958年10月至1959年8月，完全由中國(guó)人自行設(shè)計(jì)興建，僅用10個(gè)月竣工，其建筑平面呈“山''字形，南北長(zhǎng)336米，東西寬206米，中央最高46.5米，占地15公頃，建筑面積171800平方米。周圍共有廊柱134根，正門(東門)臺(tái)階高5米，寬度83米，有擎天廊柱12根，均用天然大理石鑲砌。請(qǐng)大家抬頭看一下人民大會(huì)堂上懸掛的國(guó)徽，這枚國(guó)徽在陽(yáng)光的照耀下熠熠生輝。它是在xx年的8月被換上去的，替換下已懸掛了42年之久的木制國(guó)徽。這枚新國(guó)徽為鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，外面為全銅板，最大處直徑6.3米，重1噸多，表面部分貼有金箔，比原來的國(guó)徽更結(jié)實(shí)了。 大會(huì)堂主要由中部的萬(wàn)人大禮堂，北部的宴會(huì)大廳和南部的人大常委會(huì)辦公樓三大部分組成。此外，還有各種會(huì)議廳、休息廳、辦公室等300多個(gè)。其中有33個(gè)會(huì)議廳是以全國(guó)各省、自治區(qū)、直轄市和香港、澳門特別行政區(qū)命名的。 中央大廳位于東大門內(nèi)，南北長(zhǎng)76米，進(jìn)深48米，高16米，占地3600平方米。內(nèi)豎方柱20根，頂掛水晶玻璃大吊燈5盞，方柱與地面均用天然大理石鑲砌。這是大會(huì)堂與會(huì)者休息、活動(dòng)及舉辦節(jié)慶娛樂活動(dòng)的極好場(chǎng)所，黨和國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，常在東門外廣場(chǎng)或在該大廳舉行迎賓儀式，熱烈歡迎外國(guó)元首的光臨。 大會(huì)堂的主體建筑，位于中心區(qū)域。其穹窿頂、大跨度、無立柱結(jié)構(gòu)。三層座椅，層層梯升。聲、電、光及空調(diào)等到設(shè)施先進(jìn)，裝修考究，十分宏偉壯麗，為新中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代建筑奇觀之一。 該禮堂南北寬76米，東西進(jìn)深60米，高32米。一層設(shè)座位3693個(gè)，二層3515個(gè)，三層2518個(gè)，主席臺(tái)可設(shè)座300--500個(gè)，總計(jì)可容納1萬(wàn)人。 禮堂平面呈扇面形，坐在任何一個(gè)位置上均可看到主席臺(tái)。一層為代表席，每個(gè)座位均設(shè)有12種語(yǔ)言的譯意風(fēng)及電子表決器，代表們可即席發(fā)言或表決。二、三層每個(gè)座位中則裝有小喇叭，均可清晰聽到主席臺(tái)的聲音。 禮堂頂棚微微窿起，其與墻面呈圓弧型 ，形成“水天一色，渾然一體”之勢(shì)。頂部中央飾有巨型紅色五星燈，周圍點(diǎn)綴有鎦金的70道光芒線和40個(gè)葵花瓣，三環(huán)水波式暗燈槽，一環(huán)大于一環(huán)，象征中國(guó)革命從勝利走向更大的勝利。整個(gè)頂棚縱橫密布有500個(gè)滿天星燈，燈火齊明，宛如“眾星捧月”、蔚為絢麗壯觀。 在二樓中北部，這里是黨和國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在舉行宴會(huì)之前，迎接外國(guó)貴賓以及進(jìn)行賓主合影留念的地方。 廳正中掛有巨型國(guó)畫：“江山如此多嬌”，其高6米，寬9米，是大會(huì)堂內(nèi)最大的畫幅。此畫系我國(guó)著名畫家關(guān)山月和傅抱石，以毛主席《沁園春·雪》詞意創(chuàng)作而成，描繪了我們偉大祖國(guó)的錦秀河山。 該地毯是大會(huì)堂內(nèi)最大的一塊，寬16米，長(zhǎng)23米，重3噸多，為天津地毯廠產(chǎn)品。兩側(cè)所擺高大花瓶，系福建產(chǎn)的脫胎漆器。廳前的大樓梯很有特色，其高8.5米，寬8米，分5組，共設(shè)臺(tái)階62個(gè)，全部用漢白玉大理石鑲砌而成。樓梯頂棚采用玻璃磚自然采光，整個(gè)樓梯極顯敞亮、宏大的豪華氣派。 位于二樓的北端，是黨和國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人舉行盛大國(guó)宴和招待會(huì)的地方。其東西長(zhǎng)102米，南北寬76米，高15米，面積7000多平方米，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)國(guó)際足球場(chǎng)大小。這里可舉辦5000人的座席宴會(huì)或1萬(wàn)人的酒會(huì)。中、西餐廚房設(shè)于北面的東西兩側(cè)。面積巨大的宴會(huì)廳頂棚呈平面型 ，且無立柱支撐，這一精巧的科學(xué)建筑杰作，無不令中外人士叫絕。頂棚中心飾有絢麗的水晶玻璃燈及玻璃鋼壓花圖案與彩色藻井，民族風(fēng)格濃郁。宴會(huì)廳四周共有28根直徑為一米的瀝粉貼金廊柱，墻面為淺黃色。主席臺(tái)是供宴會(huì)中主賓祝酒和表演助宴文藝節(jié)目而設(shè)置的。整個(gè)宴會(huì)廳氣魄宏大、寬廣明快、富麗堂皇。 此外大會(huì)堂中的各個(gè)地方會(huì)議廳，布置多姿多彩，各具特色。如四川廳的蜀繡和竹器工藝精品，湖南廳的湘繡，遼寧廳反映滿族風(fēng)情的大型陶瓷壁畫，陜西廳的秦馬俑，江西廳裝飾的精美瓷器，臺(tái)彎廳的寶島風(fēng)光油畫等等藝術(shù)珍品，無不引人人勝，留連忘返。

好了，關(guān)于天安門廣場(chǎng)就給大家介紹到這里，謝謝大家。

第14篇 旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞100字怎么寫

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇一

大家好，我是你們的導(dǎo)游，我姓紀(jì)。今天就由我來帶領(lǐng)著你們?nèi)⒂^世界七大奇跡一之——長(zhǎng)城

長(zhǎng)城是我國(guó)古代極為重要的軍事防御工程。因工程艱巨，被譽(yù)為人類古代建筑史上的一大奇跡。已有20xx多年歷史。

長(zhǎng)城建在崇山峻嶺之上，像一條長(zhǎng)龍，盤旋在山上，從西邊甘肅嘉峪關(guān)至東邊河北山海關(guān)，全長(zhǎng)12700多華里，通稱萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城。長(zhǎng)城的建筑材料是兩三千斤重的條石，非常堅(jiān)固。

現(xiàn)在，故事和傳說都聽玩了，我們可以自由玩耍，記住1小時(shí)以后，我們?cè)谶@里集合，注意，不要亂扔垃圾。

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇二

各位游客：大家好，我給大家介紹鼓浪嶼，那里歷史悠久，有很多名勝古跡。我 給大家介紹鼓浪嶼的沙灘，沙灘上有許多貝殼，大家可以游泳，玩汽艇等水上活動(dòng)，非常好玩，沙灘上還有許許多多的小螃蟹，很難抓得呦!

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇三

大家好，我是你們的南湖導(dǎo)游。現(xiàn)在大家來到了南湖。南湖花草茂盛，四季如春。南湖是生產(chǎn)南湖菱地方，這兒有大的菱，小的菱，老的菱等，像在開全家會(huì)一樣。南湖還是人們釣魚的天堂，尤其是老人。一釣，就釣到了許多魚，每一條都活靈活現(xiàn)。因而這里有許多人買魚，各個(gè)自賣自夸。老人有的把魚放了，有的帶回家。因?yàn)檫@些年輕人和老人，這兒非常熱鬧。你心動(dòng)了嗎?

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇四

濟(jì)南的山更是可愛。它就如一個(gè)小搖籃一樣，把濟(jì)南包圍起來，讓它更有“安全感”。在冬天濟(jì)南是一個(gè)響晴的地方，那里的氣候非常照顧濟(jì)南，即使下雪，也是小雪，因?yàn)樗ε聺?jì)南感冒。因此濟(jì)南的冬天是一個(gè)響晴的地方。

濟(jì)南可是一個(gè)寶地呀!希望這次的旅途能給旅客們留下一個(gè)美好的印象，希望在濟(jì)南你們可以玩的開心、愉悅!也祝愿你們一路平安，身體健康!

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇五

大家好!

首先歡迎大家來到美的西雙版納，我是青春旅游公司的導(dǎo)游，我的名字叫周榕。很高興見到大家，西雙版納位于我國(guó)西南邊陲。西雙版納生活著傣族，哈尼族，漢族等14個(gè)民族。

這里是植物王國(guó)。原始森林無邊無際。這里還是動(dòng)物的王國(guó)。

這里還有很多別有情趣的建筑。

希望大家能夠在這里感受到大自然的美麗。

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇六

怎么樣，游客們，聽了我的講述，你一定也喜歡上這'鳥的天堂'了吧，相信在大家對(duì)鳥的共同愛護(hù)下，明天'鳥的天堂'里的鳥將會(huì)更多，到時(shí)的景觀會(huì)更美。明天早晨，希望大家能早起，我同你們?cè)賮硇蕾p百鳥喧鬧的景象吧!謝謝大家!

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇七

親愛的旅客：你們現(xiàn)在所在地是海寧市的鹽官鎮(zhèn)，據(jù)說這里是觀潮最好的地方。你們可以在海塘大堤上觀看漲潮。江潮快要來臨的時(shí)候你們就會(huì)聽見隆隆的響聲，接著從東邊水天相接的地方就會(huì)出現(xiàn)一條白線。那條白線很快得向我們移來，慢慢的變粗變長(zhǎng)，最后形成一堵兩丈多高的水墻。霎時(shí)，潮頭奔騰西去，可余波還在漫天卷地般涌來。要過很久江面才會(huì)平靜下來。

游客們祝你們旅途愉快!

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇八

濟(jì)南的山更是可愛。它就如一個(gè)小搖籃一樣，把濟(jì)南包圍起來，讓它更有“安全感”。在冬天濟(jì)南是一個(gè)響晴的地方，那里的氣候非常照顧濟(jì)南，即使下雪，也是小雪，因?yàn)樗ε聺?jì)南感冒。因此濟(jì)南的冬天是一個(gè)響晴的地方。

濟(jì)南可是一個(gè)寶地呀!希望這次的旅途能給旅客們留下一個(gè)美好的印象，希望在濟(jì)南你們可以玩的開心、愉悅!也祝愿你們一路平安，身體健康!

100字導(dǎo)游詞篇九

各位游客們，大家好!歡迎大家來到江南水鄉(xiāng)——湖州南潯，很高興成為大家的導(dǎo)游。我姓顏，大家叫我小顏好了!

我們江南水鄉(xiāng)素有“魚米之鄉(xiāng)，絲綢之府”的美稱，我們這里水中養(yǎng)魚，田里種稻，地里種桑，別有一番風(fēng)景。

第15篇 北京旅游景點(diǎn)英文導(dǎo)游詞范文

北京頤和園英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞范文

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

my name is xx. i’m very honored to be youre guide. i do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. this morning we are going to visit the summer palace. the summer palace is located on the northwest suburbs of beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. so it will take us about 1 hour to get there. before we arrived at the summer palace, i would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. the summer palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden existing in chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. in 1998, it was placed on the list of world cultural heritage by the unesco.

the summer palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the jin dynasty. the construction continued to the yuan and ming dynasties. in the qing dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. during emperor qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘three hills and five gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of beijing. the summer palace was a part of it and at that time was called the garden of clear ripples. in 1860, the anglo-french allied forces invaded beijing. the ‘three hills and five gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.

in 1888, the empress dowager cixi spent the navy fund having the garden of clear ripples rebuilt. and then she renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace).

in 1900, the allied forces of eight powers invaded beijing. the summer palace was once again severely damaged. it was rebuilt again in 1902.

in 1924, the last emperor puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the summer palace was turned into a public park.

ladies and gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. it is called “emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the first scenery of the summer palace. the two chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. the two words on the back side mean collection of excellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the east palace gate)

now, we have arrived at the east palace gate. it’s the main entrance of the summer palace. on top of the gate there is a plaque with three chinese characters ‘the summer palace’ in emperor guangxu’s handwriting. the gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.

(inside the east palace gate)

now we are inside the summer palace. in front of us is the second gate of the summer palace— the gate of benevolence and longevity. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the privy council. well, before we start our tour in the garden, i will briefly introduce you the layout of the summer palace and our tour route. o.k., ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention please? let’s look at the map together, from it we can see the summer palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. the whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the marble boat. on the way, we will visit the main constructions of the summer palace, such as the hall of jade ripples, the hall of happiness and longevity, the long corridor, the hall of dispelling clouds and so on. it will take us about two hours to visit the summer palace. please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the north gate. should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the north gate.

ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the hall of benevolence and longevity. follow me please.

(inside the courtyard of the benevolence and longevity)

passing through the gate of benevolence and longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the hall of benevolence and longevity. the huge rock in front of us is taihu rock. it was quarried from taihu lake in jiangsu province, so it was known as taihu rock. please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. the taihu rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.

the bronze mythical animal behind the taihu rock is known as suanni or some people call it qilin. according to ancient chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. it was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of ox and the tail of lion.

(in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity)

this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was first built in 1750. the name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘lun yu’ by confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” this hall was the place where emperor guangxu and empress dowager cixi held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the summer palace. for protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. so i would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the hall of benevolence and longevity. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. there are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. on the mirror there are 226 chinese characters of the word ‘longevity’ written in different styles. there are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big chinese character ‘longevity’ written on it. it was said that the word ‘longevity’ written by empress dowager cixi. there are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. they were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. in the old days, the dragon and phoenix were the symbol of the emperor and empress. according to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front of the hall.however, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes are in the middle. this was a product of the end of qing dynasty when empress dowager cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuour harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with bejing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smile. the grand theater building was known as the ‘cradle of beijing opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. there are 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this is the grand theater building. of the three main theater buildings of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and largest one. the other two are changyin pavilion in the forbidden city and qingyin pavilion in the mountain resort in chengde. the grand theater building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. it is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. the top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. each level has the entrance and the exit. there are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. there is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. the stage is open to three sides.

well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the grand theater building, it’s the hall of pleasure smile. the empress dowager cixi used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the peking opera.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolence and longevity. it appears that there’s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is an application of a specific style of chinese

gardening.

now, we are walking along the bank of the kunming lake. look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. it’s called the spring heralding islet. the pavilion on the islet is called the spring heralding pavilion. a number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. in early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. hence the name ‘heralding sping pavilion’.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the hall of jade ripples. the words “jade ripples” came from a verse “gentle ripples gushing out of jade spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. in the late qing dynasty, it was where emperor guangxu was put under house arrest.

this hall is a hallmark of the movement of 1898. emperor guangxu was emperor dowager cixi’s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, emperor dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. she ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. after emperor guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. it was called the ‘hundred-day reform’. after the reform failed, emperor guangxu was put under house arrest here. for the strict control of him, empress dowager cixi ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the hall of jade ripples. at that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room still maintain its original appearance. it is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 reform movement.

(in front of the chamber of collecting books)

this is the chamber of collecting books. in chinese, it’s called “yi yun guang”. “yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. in ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.in the emperor qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. later it was converted into a residence. there used to be the residence of guangxu’s empress longyu, and his favorite concubine zhenfei.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

this group of courtyard is the hall of happiness and longevity. it was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of empress dowager cixi. the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. in front of the hall of happiness and longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “qing zhi xiu” and nicknamed as “family bankruptcy rock”. this huge rock was discovered in fangshan district by a ming official mi wanzhong. he wanted to transport it to his own garden “shaoyuan”. in the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. after spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. the big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near liangxiang county, 30 kilometers southwest of beijing. hence it was nicknamed “family bancruptcy rock”. later emperor qianlong discovered it and transported to the garden of clear ripples and laid in front of the hall of happiness and longevity. the colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from germany in 1903. it is one of the earliest electric lights in china.

(in front of the gate of inviting the moon of the long corridor)

ladies and gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the louvre in france and the museum of great britain. now i will show you a special gallery in the palace—the long corridor. in 1990, the long corridor was listed in the guinness book of world records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. it would be a pity if we leave the summer palace without visiting the long corridor and the marble boat. now, here we go, the long corridor first!

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor starts from the gate inviting the moon to the shizhang gate. it is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace. since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( retaining the goodness pavilion, living with the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion, clear and far pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

the long corridor is the longest covered veranda in any chinese garden. on the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 suzhou style paintings. among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of west lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province. beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. the paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient chinese classical literature, such as ‘pilgrimage to the west’, ‘the romance of the three kingdoms’, ‘the western chamber’, “water margin’, and ‘the dream of the red mansion’.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the central axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the sea of wisdom on top of the hill. the main architectural structures here are the gate of dispelling clouds, hall of dispelling clouds, tower of buddhist incense and the sea of wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace. this is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.

now we are walking continuely along the long corridor, the next scene we are going to visit is marble boat.

look over there! halfway up the slope there stands the hall of listening to orioles. it was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. it is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. before the garden of virtuous harmony was built, empress dowager cixi enjoyed opera and music here. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

this is the famous marble boat. a famous scientist of china’s eastern han dynasty once said, “water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” a prime minister of tang dynasty wei zheng once used these words to persuade li shimin, the emperor of the tang dynasty. he said people are water and the emperor is the boat. people can support a good emperor. however, they also can overthrow the dynasty. emperor qianlong built this huge boat in the garden in order to make the allusion concrete. on one hand, emperor qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. on the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the qing dynasty was as firm as the marble boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. the marble boat was the place for emperor qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of kunming lake. emperor qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. in the times of qianlong, the marble boat was a chinese styled stone boat with a chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. when it was rebuilt in the times of guangxu, a foreign and chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. a big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.

our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the marble boat. today we only visited the major scenic spots of the summer palace. i have left other spots of interest for your next visit. i will now show you out through the ruyi gate. our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. i do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. thank you.

北京天安門英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

tian’anmen( the gate of heavenly peace), is located in the center of beijing. it was first built in 1417 and named chengtianmen( the gate of heavenly succession). at the end of the ming dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. when it was rebuilt under the qing in 1651, it was renamed tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the imperial city, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. the southern sections of the imperial city wall still stand on both sides of the gate. the tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. according to the book of changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

during the ming and qing dynasties, tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. the most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) the minister of rites would receive the edict in taihedian( hall of supreme harmony), where the emperor was holding his court. the minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via taihemen( gate of supreme harmony)

2) the minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via wumen( meridian gate), to tian’anmen gate tower.

3) a courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. the civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) the courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. the document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the ministry of rites.

5) the edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

such a process was historically recorded as “ imperial edict issued by golden phoenix”.

during the ming and qing dynasties tian’anmen was the most important passage. it was this gate that the emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

on the westside of tian’anmen stands zhongshanpark( dr. sun yat-sen’s park), and on the east side, the working people’s cultural palave. the park was formerly called shejitan( altar of land and grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the god of land. it was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the chinese democratic revolution.

the working people’s cultural palace used to be taimiao( the supreme ancestral temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

the stream in front of tian’anmen is called waijinshuihe( outer golden river),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called yuluqiao( imperial bridge). the bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called wanggongqiao( royal’s bridges). farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named pinjiqiao( ministerial bridges). the remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called gongshengqiao( common bridges). they anr the one in front of the supreme ancestral temple to the east and the one in front of the altar of land and grain to the west.

the two stone lions by the gate of tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. they gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. in front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called huabiao. they are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. the story of huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. one of the versions accredits its invention to one of the chinese sage kings named yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

the beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. he was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” wangjunhui”( expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

in the old days, tian’anmen, as a part of the imperial city, was meant for important occasions. the two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

on october 1, 1949, chairman mao zedong proclaimed on tian’anmen rostrum the founding of the people’s republic of china. since then tian’anmen has been the symbol of new chinea. chairman mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” long live the great unity of the peoples of the world”. today , the splendour of tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. the rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. it offers a panoramic view of the square and the city proper.

tian’anmen square

situated due south of tian’anmen, the square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. it has witnessed may historical events in china’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international labour day on may 1st and national day on october 1st.

around the square are several famous buildings:

1 the great hall of the people

this is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing chang’an street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the standing committee of the national peoples’ congress of china in the south. in addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the central government, plus hong kong and macao. each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 the museum of chinese history and the museum of the chinese revolution

these two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of chinese history houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) the primitive society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century bc);

2) the slave society(21st century bc to 476 bc.);

3) the feudal society(475 bc. to 1840 ad.);

4) the semi-colonial and semi- fedual society(1840 to 1919.)

the museum of the chinese revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 the monument to the people’s heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the chinese people. its construction began on august 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. the purple piece inlaid in the front of the monument was brought from qingdao, shandong province. it is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

on the front side of the monument is an engraved inscription in chinese characters written by chairman mao zedong, which reads” eternal glory to the people’s heroes!”. on the back of the monument is an article written by chairman mao, but in chinese calligraphy by the late premier zhou enlai.

at the top of the monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. at the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the chinese historic events since 1840. they are:

1) the burning of opium in 1840:

2) the uprising of 1851 in jintian, guangxi;

3) the revolution of 1911;

4) the may fourth movement of 1919;

5) the may 30th movement of 1925;

6) the uprising of 1927 in nanchang, jiangxi;

7) the war of resistance against japanese aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) the victorious crossing over the yangtze river by the peoples’s liberation army in 1949. this relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ supplying the front” and “ greeting the p.l.a.”.

4 chairman mao’s mausoleum

chairman mao zedong, the founder of the people’s pepublic of china, passed away on sepember 9, 1976. in commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in november 1976, and was completes in august the following year. the mausoleum was officially opened on september 9, 1977.

the mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. east of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the new democratic revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. the sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

inside the mausoleum are three main sections: a white marble statue of chairman mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. on the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

in the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which chairman mao’s body lies stately with the communist party’s flag covering over him.

on the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by chairman mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. it expresses his full great expectations for the country.

tian’ anmen square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the people’s republic in 1999.

北京十三陵英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)游詞

he ming tombs are 40 kilometers north of beijing city on the southern slopes of tianshou mountain. they are the burial grounds of 13 ming dynasty emperors. in july 20xx the site was designated a world cultural heritage site by unesco.

empress xu died in the 5th year of yongle (1407). zhu di sent

zhao hong, secretary of the ministry of rites and a geomancer----liao junqing along with many others to beijing in search of an auspicious place for the tombs. it is said that this group of people first selected the area of tu jia ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldnt be used as the burial ground. next they selected the foot of yangshan mountain, changping. however, since the surname of the emperor (zhu) is a homophone for pig and because a village named wolf mouth ravine was located there, they decided against using that area. later, they found yan-jiatai west of beijing. again, since yanjia was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemed unsuitable. it was not until the 7th year of yongle (1409), that they finally chose the present heavenly longevity mountain as their cemetery grounds.

the whole area covers 40 square kilometers. it has mountains to its east, west and north, and dragon mountain and tiger mountain are on either side of its southern entrance. the 13 tombs go from north to south. they are arranged in the manner of the imperial palace, with the administration area in the front and living quarters in the rear. in front of the tombs are divine passes, stone archways and steel towers. the precious city and ming tower stand over the underground palace.

there were 16 emperors during the ming dynasty. buried in the ming tombs, are 13 ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes, princesses and maids. the other 3 emperors, emperor zhu yuanzhang, zhu yunwen and zhu qiyu are buried in other locations.

the founder of the ming dynasty, zhu yuanzhang, established his capital in present day nanjing where he was buried after his death. his tomb is called xiaoling (tomb of filial piety).

the body of the second emperor of the ming, zhu yunwen, is missing. some said that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple and became a monk. there is no final conclusion yet.

the seventh ming emperor zhu qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elder brother zhu qizhen at jinshankou, a western suburb of beijing, because in the tumubao upheaval, emperor zhu qizhen became a captive and the younger brother of zhu qizhen. zhu qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later zhu qizhen was back and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the seizing gate upheaval.

the memorial arch was built in the 19th year of jiajing (1540) as a symbol of the ming tombs. it is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 arches supported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons and lotus flowers. the memorial arch is the biggest and the most exquisite stone arch preserved in the country today. the major designs of dragon and cloud decorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. in addition, it also demonstrates the skillful artistry of the ming craftsmen.

the big palace gate is the front gate of the ming tombs, and is more commonly known as big red gate. facing south, there are three arch entrances to the gate, the main inlet to the ming tombs. flanking the gate are two stone tablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people to dismount, before entering into the tomb area. if they did not obey, they would be punished for their disrespect. the rules governing the ming tombs in the ming dynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood and break twigs would be flogged. those who came to fetch dirt and stone would be beheaded. those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged a hundred times.

the tablet house was built in the 10th year of xuande (1435), and stands about 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. a huge tablet stands in the middle of the tablet house. the front side bears an inscription by emperor renzong for chengzu. the reverse side is a poem by qing emperor qianlong recording in detail the conditions of the broken changling, yongling, dingling and xiling. on the east side is the record of expenditures for repairing the ming tombs by the qing government. on the west side is an epitaph by qing emperor jiaqing. it was written in the 9th year of jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall of the ming dynasty.

on the north side of the tablet house, stands a group of stone carvings (36 in all). behind the house, there are two stone pillars. beyond the pillars are stone animals and other statues. lions, xie zhi, camels, elephants, and qi lin horses .all of the animals are in two pairs. two stand, while the other two kneel. it is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials and officials of merit, four in each group. these stone animals and statues were made in the 10th year of xuande (1435). they reflect the imperial power when he was alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. the animals and statues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons and each was delicately and masterfully carved.

here stands ling xing gate, also known as the unique dragon and phoenix gate, with the meaning of the gate of heaven. the gate is pierced with six door leaves, attached to three archways. the top of the central section of the three archways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as the flame archway. to the north of the dragon and phoenix gate there lays a seven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of changling. to the east of the seven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site of the seven-arch bridge.

actually we are standing on the axle line of the ming tombs, otherwise known as the sacred way or the tomb path. we passed the memorial arch, the big palace gate, the tablet house, sacred way, stone animals and statues, and ling xing gate. this seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north, all the way to the gate of changling.

now, we are moving to chang ling. changling is the first tomb built in the ming tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing emperor zhu di and his empress xu.

zhu di (chengzu) of the ming dynasty was the fourth son of the first emperor zhu yuanzhang, born in 1360. zhu di was conferred the title of the prince of yan in the 3rd year of hongwu (1370). he was appointed at beiping. after the death of zhu yuanzhang (the first ming emperor), zhu di used the pretext of eliminating evil officials at the side of emperor jianwen to lead an army expedition down south to nanjing. he seized the throne in the 4th year of jianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in june inside the hall of ancestral worship in nanjing. zhu di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in the ming dynasty. as soon as he became the prince of yan, he led the generals out to battle. he had great achievements in calming down the north. after he took over his nephews power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughout the country and consolidated the rule of the ming dynasty. he made the important decision to move the capital to beijing. during the rule of zhu di, magnificent developments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy. in terms of culture, zhu di successively sent grand academician xie jin, yan guangxiao and others to compile the yongle encyclopedia. the book has become the largest book ever complied in chinese history. for expanding external exchanges and trade, zhu di selected eunuch zheng he to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold, silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast asia and africa seven times in the early years of yongle.

empress xu was buried together with emperor zhu di in changling. empress xushi was the eldest daughter of xu da who was one of the founding fathers of the ming dynasty. throughout her lifespan, xu shi complied 20 articles of internal lectures and a book advising to be good, so as to cultivate peoples minds. she was the very first one to be buried in changling and in the ming tomb area.

the hall of eminent favor in changling is the best preserved among the thirteen tombs. it is a valuable relic of ancient chinas wooden structures. it is nine rooms wide and five rooms long, a hall size rarely seen in china. the roof is made of top-class double eaves and there are multiple rooms covered with yellow glazed tiles. the hall is supported by 60 thick nanmu pillars, the middle four in the hall are the thickest, the diameter of each one can reach over one meter. it is known as the best nanmu (phoebe) hall in the country.

now we are going to dinging. dingling is located at the east foot of dayu mountain. buried here are the 13th ming emperor wanli (zhu yijun) and his two empresses xiaoduan and xiaojing. zhu yijun was the longest on the throne of the ming emperors. (he was emperor for 48 years). he was the greediest and laziest emperor in the ming dynasty. zhu yijun ascended the throne at the age of 9. after he came to power, he was supported by the chief minister zhang juzheng. at this time, various aspects of society gained development.

later ,zhang juzheng died of illness. not long after wanli managed state affairs on his own, he used the chance to select the location for his tomb site when he went to pay homage to the ancestors tombs. he spent eight million taels of silver (250,000 kilos of silver) and six years to build a high quality tomb dingling. after the dingling was completed, zhu yijun personally went to inspect it, and felt very satisfied with the result. he went so far as to hold a grand banquet in the underground palace, which was unheard of in history.

zhu yijun was a typical muddle-headed emperor. reflecting on his reign, he did not pay attention to state affairs for 28 out of his 48 year rule. the state organ was effectively semi-paralyzed during his reign. later generations commented that the fall of the ming dynasty was caused by this emperor.

zhu yijun had two empresses. empress xiaojing was originally a maid of wanlis mother cisheng. later she gave birth to a son of the emperor. that son was the one-month emperor guangzong (zhu changluo). she died of illness 9 years earlier than shenzong died. she was buried as a concubine at pinggangdi, around the east pit, at the heavenly longevity mount. after xiaojing was conferred the title of “grandmother of the emperor”, her body was moved to the underground palace of dingling, and buried together with emperor wanli and empress xiaoduan on the same day. xiaoduan was conferred the title of empress, but she could not give birth to either a son or a daughter to the emperor. xiaoduan died of illness. a hundred days later, emperor wanli (zhu yijun) died too. empress xiaoduan, emperor wanli, and empress xiaojing were buried together in the underground palace.

the tablet in front of dingling has no words on it. it is called the wordless tablet. there is a pair of coiling dragons along the top and a pattern of sea waves carved on the bottom. its base is composed of a tortoise (bixi). it is said that the dragon has nine sons. in twelve of the ming tombs, excluding changling, all the tablets are wordless. originally there were no tablet houses in front of the tombs, but later the tablet houses and steeles of the first six tombs were completed. but the emperor jiajing at the time indulged in drinking, lust and searching for longevity pills, so he had no time to pay attention on the inscriptions. consequently the six tablets are wordless. and in keeping with this tradition, that’s why the tablets later on are also blank.

now we are arriving at the gate of eminent favor and the hall of eminent favor of dingling, the hall of eminent favor is also called hall of enjoyment. it was the place where the emperor and his entourage held grand sacrificial rites. they were mostly destroyed when the qing soldiers came. and they were destroyed again later, so now only the ruins remain.

moving on, this is the exhibition rooms that were built after the excavation of the underground palace. the exhibition explains in detail the history of the tomb master and introduces the tomb excavation process. the exhibition rooms are divided into two parts, the south and the north. in the south room, on display are the sacrificial objects of emperor wanli unearthed from the underground palace. in the north room, on display are the sacrificial items of the two empresses. all of then are fancy and invaluable.

now we arrive at the soul tower, this is the symbol of the tomb. it is a stone structure with colorful painted decorations. the soul tower and the precious citadel of dingling have never been damaged seriously. the soul tower is the best preserved architecture above the ground of dingling. on top of the yellow, glazed tiled roof of the soul tower sits a big stone tablet. two chinese characters----dingling, are carved on the tablet. inside the soul tower, on top of another stone tablet, there are two big characters----the great ming written in seal characters. on the body of the tablet, seven chinese characters-----tomb of emperor shenzong xian are carved. the soul tower is connected with the precious citadel. the precious citadel is a large round wall built with bricks. the precious citadel wall is 7.5 m high, and lower part is thick while the upper part is thin. the round walls perimeter is over 800 meters, and inside the wall is a large artificial mound, the emperors tomb mound, known as precious top.

dingling is the only ming tomb to be excavated. formal excavation work started in may 1956 and ended in 1958. first, the working personnel discovered an exposed gateway at the side wall to the southwest of the precious citadel of dingling. so they dug the first tunnel facing the position of the gateway. at the bottom of the tunnel, they discovered a tunnel made of bricks. three months later, along the direction of the tunnel, to the west of the soul tower, they dug the second tunnel. during the digging, they encountered with a stone tablet which inscribed the words from here 48. 8m forward and 10. 7m downward lies the precious wall. therefore it gave the correct direction of opening up the underground palace.

according to the direction of the stone tablet, after digging the third tunnel, they found a stone tunnel. at last they got to the precious wall. thus they opened the precious wall with a square stone room. to the west end of the room, lay two marble doors. the working personnel used a wire and wood plank to remove the self-acting stone bar, which was against the back of the door. with this method, they opened the entrance of the underground palace.

the palace has no beam which was built according to the principles of geomancy altogether there are five chambers. the chambers are separated by seven marble doors. the underground palace is 27 meters deep, covering an area of 1,195 square meters. there is a same structure stone door in between the front, middle and rear chambers. the door is made of marble. the biggest marble door is 3. 3 meters high, 1.7 meters wide, 4 tons in weight. it looks heavy, but it is reasonably designed. the pivot of the stone door is inclined to the door axle, so the door is easy to open and close. on top of the door is a lintel (made of bronze) tube weighing about 10 tons to prevent the door from falling. carved on the front of the marble door are 9 rows of 81 knobs and strange animals with rings in their mouths. located on the reverse side, opposite the animals, is a protruding section that holds the doors self-acting stone bar.

the front and middle chambers are 7. 2 meters high and 6 meters wide. the floor is covered with gold bricks. according to records, the gold bricks are smooth and durable. the more you polish them, the brighter they become. there are no decorations in the front and two annex chambers. in the middle chamber, there are three marble thrones for emperor wanli and his two empresses, known as the precious thrones. in the front of the thrones, there are five yellow glazed offerings and one blue-and-white porcelain jar of jiajing years style with a cloud-and-dragon design. it is about 0.7 meters in diameter. originally there was sesame oil in the jar. on the surface of the oil was a copper tube with a wick inside. it is called the everlasting lamp. due to the lack of oxygen, the light went out so the oil had not been used all.

the rear chamber is the biggest of the three. it is 9.5 meters high, 31 meters long, 9.l meters wide, the floor is paved with polished stones. in the rear chamber, there is a coffin platform edged with white marble. placed on the platform are the coffins of emperor wanli and his two empresses as well as 26 vermilion boxes filled with funeral objects.

in the middle of the coffin platform, there is a rectangular hole filled with soil called gold well. putting jade stone around the coffin or inside the coffin or in the mouth of the deceased is called being buried with jade. ancient people believed gold well was the pit of geomancy. it could prevent the body from decay for a long time. being buried with jade on a gold well was the highest standard of entombment one could receive in the feudal era.

originally the empresss coffin should have been placed in the rear chamber. then why were the coffins of the two empresses also in the same chamber as the emperors? in 1620, first empress xiaoduan died in april, then in july emperor wanli also died. after that, the son of zhu changluo died 29 days after his succession. in only a few months, two emperors and one empress had died in succession. in addition they had removed empress xiaojings coffin to dingling. all the burdens of the funeral burials fell on the just enthroned emperor zhu youjian. the preparation work was done in a hurried fashion (this was clearly recorded in historical documents). the rainy season had already arrived before the funeral could occur and the passage leading to the empress annex chamber may not have been convenient to open. so the coffins of the emperor, empresses all entered the underground palace through the front entrance. after the coffins entered the underground palace, since the passage to the annex chambers were narrow, the coffins of the empresses would not fit through it. so they had to put all the three coffins together into the rear chamber.

now please follow me out of the underground palace. and our tour for today is completed. i hope you have found our time together informative and enjoyable. we now have half an hour for a rest, and then we will get together here at 4:00pm. thank you.

第16篇 張家界金鞭溪旅游景點(diǎn)導(dǎo)游詞

金鞭溪路碑)朋友們!現(xiàn)在我們開始游覽金鞭溪。金鞭溪因溪畔有一金鞭巖而得名，全長(zhǎng)7.5公里，游程約3小時(shí)。沿路主要景點(diǎn)有觀音送子、金鞭巖、文星巖、紫草潭、千里相會(huì)、跳魚潭、水繞四門等。

許多旅游者堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為金鞭溪是世界上最美的峽谷，絕非過譽(yù)之詞。關(guān)于對(duì)金鞭溪的評(píng)價(jià)，還是引用美國(guó)科羅拉多州女副州長(zhǎng)南希.迪克為張家界的題詞：張家界美極了，太奇了。人說大峽谷神奇，(大峽谷就是號(hào)稱自然界奇跡的美國(guó)國(guó)家公園科羅拉多州大峽谷)我看張家界更是不可思議。她認(rèn)為張家界是世界上最美麗的地方，我將永遠(yuǎn)記住。 (龍蝦花)大家注意路邊的小花兒，這就是中外聞名的龍蝦花，是金鞭溪的特產(chǎn)。秋天開花的時(shí)候，花朵由一根青絲吊著，風(fēng)一吹，左右擺動(dòng)，就像一只只真的龍蝦在水中活蹦亂跳。更有趣的是，等到花籽成熟的季節(jié)，只要輕輕一碰，啪嚓一聲，蝦籽就會(huì)從您的手中跳出來，故不少人想采集花種傳播，結(jié)果都大失所望。難道這花兒有靈性，不愿離開這人間仙境?

(觀音送子)請(qǐng)注意往左看，那座不起眼的小石峰，酷似一個(gè)人懷抱孩子遠(yuǎn)觀前方，當(dāng)?shù)赝寥私兴^音送子。據(jù)說久婚不孕的夫婦，只要誠(chéng)心在這里許個(gè)愿，就有可能如愿以償。但究竟靈不靈驗(yàn)，還得靠自己體驗(yàn)。請(qǐng)問游客中，誰(shuí)想來試試呀?

(金鞭巖、神鷹護(hù)鞭)如果要問張家界國(guó)家森林公園的標(biāo)志景點(diǎn)，答案是現(xiàn)成的：金鞭巖。早在清代中期，一些文人就把張家界的峰林及百丈峽列入永定八景。其一叫危峽啼猿其二叫層巖涌塔：縣西二十里青崖山，其前五山并立，層峙如浮圖。中一峰更峻拔，上插宵漢，晴輝雪積，最擅奇觀。這里說的其中一峰，指的金鞭巖。八大景點(diǎn)張家界占其二，可見先人是有眼力的。金鞭巖相對(duì)高度380多米，拔地而起，直插云霄，無論你遠(yuǎn)看近看，正看側(cè)看，都是一根刺破青天的長(zhǎng)鞭!在金鞭巖左側(cè)的那座巖峰，大家看多像一只兇猛的老鷹，勾嘴瞪眼，雙翅略展，時(shí)刻警覺地守護(hù)著金鞭，人稱神鷹護(hù)鞭。

關(guān)于金鞭巖和神鷹護(hù)鞭，有許多美麗的傳說。流傳最廣的是秦始皇趕山填海途中，中了龍蝦女美人計(jì)，趕山神鞭被偷換成假鞭的故事。從科學(xué)角度看，它們是由多組節(jié)理裂隙切割巖層后，經(jīng)風(fēng)化、崩塌而形成的。

(醉羅漢)現(xiàn)在這里休息一下，聽聽土家民歌。大家看這座石峰，基座部分已崩塌成一個(gè)穹窿，山體上部則成俯視角度，就像一個(gè)僧人喝醉了酒似的，蹣跚欲倒，搖搖欲墜，故稱醉羅漢。大家注意到?jīng)]有，這座大石頭，就是1983年的一個(gè)夏夜從醉羅漢峰下部崩塌下來的，這一事件，從一個(gè)方面證實(shí)了砂巖峰林形成的原因。

(花果山、水簾洞)孫悟空的花果山水簾洞到了。并不是張家界人過于牽強(qiáng)，胡亂把西游記的事兒往這兒湊，實(shí)在是巧合，《西游記》劇組的導(dǎo)游楊潔及唐僧、豬八戒、孫猴子、沙和尚等飾演者，一見到這地方就十分肯定地說：外景地選遍全國(guó)，只有張家界才真正是《西游記》筆下的神仙妖魔世界。大家順著我的指向往前看，左前方是帶著僧帽，披著袈裟，嘴中念念有詞的唐僧，緊跟在他后面的那座黑乎乎的石峰當(dāng)然就是沙和尚了;神通廣大的孫猴子半蹲在唐僧后側(cè)手搭涼篷，正在觀察敵情呢;豬八戒哪去了?不用說，不是貪吃貪睡，就是偷偷找小女子搭訕去了，花心去了。

(文星巖)大家請(qǐng)看左前方，那認(rèn)石峰是不是極像魯迅頭像?魯迅先生是文壇巨星，因此，人們把它叫作文星巖。魯迅是中國(guó)現(xiàn)代最偉大的文學(xué)家、思想家，是空前的民族英雄。詩(shī)人臧克家寫過一首紀(jì)念魯迅先生的詩(shī)叫《有的人》，開頭兩句是：有的人活著，但已經(jīng)死了;有的人死了，但仍活著。魯迅先生一直活在中國(guó)人民心里，也活在中國(guó)湖南張家界的金鞭溪畔。有人說很象高爾基。是魯迅也好，是高爾基也好，反正都是世界文壇巨星。

(紫草潭)這就是有名的紫草潭了。大家看，潭水清沏，一片空明，就跟唐代柳宗元描繪的小石潭一樣，潭中魚可百數(shù)頭，皆若空明無所依，日光下徹、影布石上，邊潭底石塊上的紋路都清晰可辨呢!

大家注意觀察這座石橋，是自生橋?還是人工橋?大家看看刻在橋上的打油詩(shī)：天降十位巨靈，各持金鞭一根，只唱一聲喲嗬，紫草潭上橋橫。這石橋?qū)?米、長(zhǎng)4米、重6噸，它是1983年十位桑植石工架的。按常規(guī)，6噸重的巨石要架往4米寬的水潭之上。非有起重吊裝設(shè)備不可，但在那時(shí)候根本沒這種可能。那么十位民工是怎樣把它弄上去的?原來很簡(jiǎn)單，架橋的設(shè)備就是十根鋼釬!

靠左這條溪，叫沙刀溝，是一條荒無人煙的大峽谷，沿途有石塔斜影、五將拜師、小天門、百鳥樂園等佳景，從這條溝可直上袁家界，再去天子山，也可去楊家寨。

(千里相會(huì))有緣千里來相會(huì)，萬(wàn)水千山總有情?？?，披甲佩劍的阿哥風(fēng)塵仆仆趕來，風(fēng)情萬(wàn)種的阿妹情意切切趕來，來不及抖落掛滿眉毛的露珠，來不及拂去繚繞鬢角的云霧，就這么含情脈脈，熱切難耐......造物主簡(jiǎn)直就是一名技藝高超的攝影師，將最動(dòng)人的瞬間定格成一種永恒。望郎峰是如此，夫妻巖是如此，千里相會(huì)同樣如此：愛情讓時(shí)間溜走，時(shí)間卻沒能讓愛情溜走，云來在云里相會(huì)，雨來在雨里相會(huì)。人生百年，誰(shuí)不渴望有緣千年等一回呢!

(亂竄坡)左邊這個(gè)坡，相傳向王天子兵敗后主力部隊(duì)從這里撤退上袁家界，進(jìn)天子山。這時(shí)，官兵追上來了，埋伏上的士兵一刀砍斷葛藤，滾木擂石潮水般砸了下來，打得官兵四處亂竄，以后就把這個(gè)坡叫亂竄坡。從亂竄坡可以上著名風(fēng)景游覽線袁家界，那里有后花園、迷魂臺(tái)、天下第一橋、天懸白練瀑布;還可以取道上天子山、進(jìn)楊家寨。大家抬頭看，就是這座孤峰，叫羊寨，那里是一片原始森林。

(上腰子寨岔路)大家朝溪對(duì)面看，從那條石板路，可上腰子寨游覽線。腰子寨四周為萬(wàn)丈絕壁，尤那登山的石棧道最是險(xiǎn)要，是僅次于黃石寨(黃石寨)的超級(jí)觀景臺(tái)。主要景點(diǎn)有老鷹嘴、兔兒望月、天橋、蟒松、鴿子花等。如果大家有興趣，下次來張家界一定要去看看。

(跳魚潭)每年春天漲桃花水的時(shí)候，跳魚潭的各色魚兒從這里爭(zhēng)相跳躍沖浪而上，潭因此得名。按民俗說法，這叫鯉魚跳龍門。

金鞭溪里有一種娃娃魚，是現(xiàn)今世界上最大的兩棲動(dòng)物類，屬國(guó)家二級(jí)保護(hù)動(dòng)物。娃娃魚學(xué)名叫大鯢，全世界只有中國(guó)、日本、美國(guó)才有，因它發(fā)出的聲音如同小孩啼哭，所以叫作娃娃魚。張家界市的桑植縣是著名的娃娃魚之鄉(xiāng)。國(guó)家在寶峰湖投資1000余萬(wàn)元建設(shè)大鯢救護(hù)中心。

朋友們，十五里金鞭溪快要游完了。武陵源號(hào)稱峰三千，水八百，三千翠薇峰，八百琉璃水。而水又以金鞭溪為代表，民間稱久旱不斷流，久雨水常綠。而且，金鞭溪的水，用來洗澡不須香皂;用來洗頭不須洗發(fā)膏;用來洗衣服，不須洗衣粉。美國(guó)科羅拉多州副州長(zhǎng)南希說：金鞭溪若賣空氣，絕對(duì)是一筆不可估價(jià)的收入!

(水繞四門)金鞭溪流到這里，同龍尾溪、天子溪、礦洞溪一道，四水交相穿行于東南西北四道山門，并共同托出了一個(gè)風(fēng)景秀麗的沙洲。沙洲名叫天子洲，是當(dāng)年向王天子稱王建天子國(guó)的地方。你們看，對(duì)面一排三座石峰，與四周林立的幾十座石峰，古稱簽筒、筆架、萬(wàn)歲牌，四十八大將軍巖，相傳都是向王天子留下來的。

水繞四門是一塊風(fēng)水寶地，相傳漢留侯張良就葬在這里，大家往左上方看，傳說那座山頭上就是張良的古墓遺址。民族學(xué)家龍炳文這樣寫道：踏遍青山尋古人，四門水繞得佳城;香爐巖上舊土堡，漢代留侯張良?jí)灐?/p>

水繞四門呈輻射狀與各景區(qū)、景點(diǎn)相連。往右可乘車經(jīng)龍尾巴村去張家界公園或下山進(jìn)城;往前可乘車去十里畫廊，去天子山索道站，去軍地坪、黃龍洞和寶峰湖 。